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Markdown
850 lines
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Markdown
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header: "Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy"
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footer: "Michał Czechowski"
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title: Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy
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---
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# Digital Independence Day
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## Part 1: Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy
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**Michał Czechowski**
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University Lecturer & Hacktivist
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Stuttgart, Germany
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*Science in the City Festival Malta — September 17, 2025*
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# Notes (1/2)
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This presentation is licensed under **Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)**
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- Allows others to share and adapt your work with proper attribution
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- Requires adaptations to be shared under the same license
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For the full license text, visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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# Notes (2/2)
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- Feel free to ask questions at any time
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- Interruptions and discussions are welcome and encouraged
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- This is an interactive session
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- Your input and participation are valuable
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---
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# About Me
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**Michał Czechowski**
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- University Lecturer at DHBW Stuttgart & LFH Hannover
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- Employed at a dictionary publisher (PONS Langenscheidt GmbH)
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- 20+ years software engineering experience
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- FOSS transformation specialist
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- Polish-German background: generational experience with authoritarian control
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- Passionate about empowering digital independence through democratic technology
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<!--
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- Great-great-grandfather killed on September 1, 1939 - first day of German invasion of Poland
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- Nazi Germany faced severe financial crisis 1931-1939; failing banks boosted far-right voting
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- Nazis borrowed massive sums for rearmament; faced insolvency just as war started - war as financial escape
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- Family survived dual occupation: German (Sep 1939) then Soviet (Sep 17, 1939)
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- 6 million Polish citizens died 1939-1945; 150,000 under Soviet occupation alone
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- Post-war socialist Poland (1945-1989): 44 years under Soviet sphere of influence
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- Personal experience: surveillance state, censorship, economic repression, martial law (1981-1983)
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- PONS Langenscheidt: Europe's largest dictionary publisher, understands information control
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- DHBW uses dual education model - bridges academic theory with industry practice
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- Witnessed dot-com boom, Web 2.0 transformation, mobile revolution - understands tech's political trajectory
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-->
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# What is Digital Independence?
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---
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# Digital Independence
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## Democratic Control Over Information Systems
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**Digital Autonomy**: The capacity for individuals and societies to make informed, voluntary decisions about their digital tools and data
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* **Individual Level**: You control what software runs on your devices
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* **Societal Level**: Communities govern their digital infrastructure
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* **Democratic Level**: Transparent, accountable technology governance
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<!--
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- Current reality: most people can't even choose their phone's default browser
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- Contrast with food sovereignty movement - communities controlling their food systems
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- "Informed consent" is impossible with proprietary black-box algorithms
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- Democratic tech governance exists: see Taiwan's vTaiwan platform, Barcelona's Decidim
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# Why Does Digital Autonomy Matter?
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---
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# The Fourth Revolution (2014)
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**Luciano Floridi's Core Thesis**: We now inhabit a "hyper-historical" world where the distinction between online and offline life has collapsed.
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The **infosphere** - our combined digital and physical reality - means:
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* Information systems ARE the infrastructure of modern society
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* Digital dependencies create systemic vulnerabilities
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* Control over information systems equals control over society itself
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<!--
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- Floridi: Oxford professor of philosophy and ethics of information
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- Previous revolutions: Copernican, Darwinian, Freudian - all decentered humanity
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- Fourth Revolution: we are now informational beings, not just biological
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- "Onlife" concept: no meaningful online/offline distinction for digital natives
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-->
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---
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# Critical Infrastructure Dependencies
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**When information systems control …**
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* **Healthcare**: Electronic records, diagnostic systems, life support
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* **Logistics**: Supply chains, transportation networks, food distribution
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* **Finance**: Payment systems, banking infrastructure, economic stability
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* **Democracy**: Media platforms, electoral systems, public discourse
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* **Education**: Learning platforms, research access, knowledge distribution
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<!--
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- 141 US hospitals hit by ransomware in 2023 alone; mortality rate increased from 3% to 4% during attacks
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- Over $1.1 billion paid in healthcare ransomware in 2023
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- SolarWinds hack (2020) compromised 18,000+ organizations through single software update
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- 2021 Colonial Pipeline shutdown: 45% of US East Coast fuel supply offline for 6 days
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- Estonia 2007: cyber attacks paralyzed entire nation's digital infrastructure for weeks
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-->
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---
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# When Digital Systems Fail, Society Fails
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**Recent Systemic Failures:**
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* Hospital ransomware attacks → patients die from delayed care
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* Social media manipulation → electoral interference, democratic erosion
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* Supply chain attacks → economic disruption, infrastructure breakdown
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* Platform censorship → suppression of legitimate discourse
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* Algorithmic bias → systemic discrimination at scale
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<!--
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- Düsseldorf University Hospital (2020): first confirmed ransomware death - patient died during transfer
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- 2016 US election: Facebook admits 126 million users saw Russian disinformation
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- NotPetya (2017): $10 billion global damage from single malware strain
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- Hunter Biden laptop story suppressed by Twitter before 2020 election
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- Amazon's hiring algorithm discriminated against women for a decade before discovery
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-->
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# Who Opposes Digital Autonomy?
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---
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# The Opposition Alliance
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**Surveillance Capitalism Model:**
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* Extract behavioral data at unprecedented scale
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* Manipulate user behavior through algorithmic control
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* Create dependencies to maintain market dominance
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**Authoritarian State Interests:**
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* Monitor and control population behavior
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* Suppress dissent through platform manipulation
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* Weaponize civilian technology infrastructure
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<!--
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- Shoshana Zuboff coined "surveillance capitalism" - economic system based on behavioral data extraction
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- GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft) combined market cap: $10+ trillion
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- Chinese social credit system monitors 1.4 billion people through integrated digital surveillance
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- NSA's PRISM program collected data from major US tech companies 2007-2013
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- Pegasus spyware sold to 40+ governments to spy on journalists, activists, politicians
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-->
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---
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# Real-World Effects
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* **Cambridge Analytica (2018)**: 87 million Facebook profiles harvested for election manipulation
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* **Meta's Teen Depression Experiments (2021)**: Deliberately harmful algorithms tested on adolescents
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* **Israel-Lebanon Pager Attack (2024)**: Consumer communication devices remotely weaponized at Hezbollah (Operation Grim Beeper)
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* **Palantir Surveillance Infrastructure**: Military-grade population monitoring sold to corporations and governments
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* **TikTok Algorithmic Influence**: Foreign state influence over domestic youth culture and political discourse
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<!--
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- Cambridge Analytica worked on 200+ elections worldwide, not just Trump 2016
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- Facebook knew Instagram harm to teen girls since 2019, kept algorithms unchanged
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- Pager attack killed 12, wounded 2,750 - showed any electronic device can be weaponized
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- Palantir co-founded by Peter Thiel, valued at $20 billion, used by ICE for deportations
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- TikTok algorithm promotes pro-China content, suppresses Tibet/Hong Kong/Uyghur topics
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-->
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# Oracle's BlueKai
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* **2014**: Oracle aquires a marketing tech start-up **BlueKai** based in Cupertino, California, for around **$400 million**.
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* **2016**: Oracle's CEO Larry Ellison bragged about profiling 5 billion people worldwide, creating detailed cohorts from **sensitive web browsing activity, names, home addresses, email addresses, and cross-device tracking data**.
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* **$42.4 billion annual revenue** from their BlueKai data brokerage operations, selling personal profiles to advertisers and third parties without consent
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* **2024**: Oracle forced to pay $115 million settlement after class action lawsuit led by privacy researchers Michael Katz-Lacabe (USA), Jennifer Golbeck (USA), and Johnny Ryan (Ireland).
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<!--
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- BlueKai tracked users across 1+ million websites without consent
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- Detailed profiles included medical conditions, political views, sexual orientation
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- Data sold to debt collectors, insurance companies, employers for discrimination
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- Settlement represents 0.3% of Oracle's annual revenue - essentially cost of doing business
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- Larry Ellison is 10th richest person globally ($114 billion net worth)
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-->
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# Who's Fighting Back?
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---
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# Digital Independence Success Stories
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* **🇩🇪 Schleswig-Holstein**: Complete state migration to Linux and LibreOffice, ending Microsoft dependency
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* **🇫🇷 Lyon**: 17,000 government computers migrated to Ubuntu, saving €2M annually in licensing costs
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* **🇪🇸 Extremadura**: 200,000 students educated on Linux-based systems, creating digital literacy without vendor lock-in
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* **🇮🇹 South Tyrol**: Government-wide OpenOffice deployment, demonstrating scalable alternatives
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* **🇧🇷 Brazil**: Constitutional requirement for open standards in government systems
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<!--
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- Schleswig-Holstein migration affects 30,000 PCs, saves €10M+ annually
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- Lyon's migration complete by 2026, includes teacher training programs
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- Extremadura (2002-2009): world's largest educational FOSS deployment, inspired global movement
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- South Tyrol (German-speaking Italy): bilingual government, chose FOSS for language neutrality
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- Brazil Article 23 (2000): mandates open standards for government interoperability
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-->
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# Who Controls Your Software?
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## FOSS vs. "Open Source" vs. Proprietary
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---
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# Three Types of Software Explained
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* **Proprietary Software:**
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- Black box code, vendor control, only licenses
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- Surveillance capabilities built-in
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* **"Open Source" (Silicon Valley):**
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- Source visible but corporate-controlled
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- "Open washing" marketing tactics
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* **Free & Open Source Software (FOSS):**
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- Community governance, transparent code
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- Privacy by default, no surveillance by design
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<!--
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- Richard Stallman founded FSF (1985) - "Free as in freedom, not free beer"
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- Open Source Initiative (1998) dropped political aspects, focused on developer benefits
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- "Open core" business model: free basic version, paid enterprise features
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- Examples: Redis → Valkey fork when Redis went proprietary (2024)
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- Four essential freedoms: use, study, modify, distribute
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-->
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# How to Gain Digital Autonomy
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---
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# Your Liberation Toolkit
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| Category | Proprietary Tool | FOSS Alternative | Implementation Notes |
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|----------|------------------|------------------|----------------------|
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| **Communication** | WhatsApp | Signal | End-to-end encrypted, normie-friendly |
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| | | Element (Matrix) | Decentralized protocol, tech-savvy users |
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| | Twitter/X | Mastodon | ActivityPub federation, choose instance wisely |
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| | Discord | Element/Matrix | Bridges available for Discord migration |
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| **Web Browsing** | Chrome/Chromium | Firefox | Mozilla Foundation, privacy-focused |
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| | | LibreWolf | Firefox without telemetry, hardened |
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| | | Ladybird | Complete rebuild browser from scratch (summer 2026) |
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| | Plugins | uBlock Origin, Privacy Badger etc. | Useful firefox/chromium extension for increased security |
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| **Productivity** | Microsoft Office | LibreOffice | Full office suite, document compatibility |
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| | Notion | Logseq | Local-first knowledge graphs |
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| | Slack | Mattermost | Self-hosted team communication |
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| **Video Conferencing** | MS Teams, Zoom | Jitsi Meet | Self-hostable, browser-based meetings |
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<!--
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- Signal funded by WhatsApp co-founder Brian Acton ($50M donation)
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- Matrix protocol powers 50M+ users, bridges to proprietary networks
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- Mastodon has 14M+ users across 20,000+ instances
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- LibreWolf removes Mozilla telemetry, adds uBlock Origin by default
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- Ladybird browser by SerenityOS creator, funded by GitHub co-founder
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- LibreOffice can read/write Microsoft formats better than Google Docs
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-->
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---
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# Your Liberation Toolkit (continued)
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| Category | Proprietary Tool | FOSS Alternative | Implementation Notes |
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|----------|------------------|------------------|----------------------|
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| **Cloud & Storage** | Google Drive | Nextcloud | Complete cloud replacement |
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| | Google Photos | Immich | Self-hosted photo management |
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| | Dropbox | Syncthing | P2P file synchronization |
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| **Media** | YouTube | PeerTube | Federated video hosting |
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| | | NewPipe | Android app, no Google Services needed |
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| **Email** | Gmail | Proton Mail | Swiss privacy laws protection |
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| **Mobile OS** | Android (Google) | GrapheneOS | Pixel devices only, maximum security |
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| | | LineageOS | Wider device support |
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| **Desktop OS** | MS Windows | GNU/Linux | Hundreds of different distributions like Ubuntu, Arch etc. |
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| | macOS | Asahi Linux | Apple Silicon Macs, experimental support |
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<!--
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- Nextcloud used by German government, French government, 400M+ users
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- Immich offers Google Photos-like features: facial recognition, geolocation, AI tagging
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- Syncthing: no central server, encrypted P2P sync across unlimited devices
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- PeerTube federation: 600+ instances, ActivityPub compatible
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- Proton based in Switzerland: strong privacy laws, outside Five Eyes jurisdiction
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- GrapheneOS developed by security researchers, hardens Android kernel
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-->
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---
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# Trade-offs of Using FOSS
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**Everything Comes with a Price:**
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* **Binary Limitations**: Proprietary formats like .docx not easily editable or human-readable in simple text editors
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* **Self-Responsibility**: No one to blame except yourself when things go sideways
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* **Accessibility Over Polish**: "Not so smooth" interfaces, therefore highly accessible
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* **Modular Solutions**: Rarely "All-in-One"-Solutions, mostly a potpourri of multiple solutions to meet your needs
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* **Social Isolation**: Missing info/discrimination when avoiding mainstream platforms like WhatsApp/Instagram
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<!--
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- .docx files are actually ZIP archives containing XML - can be opened with any text editor
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- FOSS support comes from communities, not corporate helpdesks - requires technical literacy
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- FOSS prioritizes functionality over visual design - often more accessible to disabled users
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- Unix philosophy: "Do one thing well" vs. proprietary "everything apps"
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- Network effects: harder to organize events, social groups when everyone else uses WhatsApp
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-->
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---
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# Your Roadmap to (Digital) Independence
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* **1. Kyū (yellow belt 🟡):**
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- Communication tools
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- Web Browser & Search
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- Office suite
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* **2. Kyū (orange belt 🟠):**
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- Operating system
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- FOSS App Stores
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- Publishing Systems
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* **3. Kyū (green belt 🟢):**
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- Cloud storage & Self-hosting
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<!--
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- Kyū (級) means "grade/rank" in Japanese martial arts - indicates progressive mastery
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- Yellow belt: software you use daily, lowest friction changes
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- Orange belt: deeper system changes, requires some technical comfort
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- Green belt: infrastructure independence, highest technical requirements
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- Each level builds on previous - don't skip ahead
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-->
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---
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# Workshop Guide
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* **Today's Focus:**
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- Install FOSS onto your private device (PC/Smartphone)
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- GNU/Linux (Operating System) hands-on exploration
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- First terminal commands (optional)
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* **Take Home:**
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- Curated software recommendations
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- Community connection for ongoing support
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- Courage to break out from learned helplessness
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<!--
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- Live USB drives prepared for multiple Linux distributions
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- Terminal commands: pwd, ls, cd, cat - basic file system navigation
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- OSS Malta community provides ongoing local support network
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- "Learned helplessness" reference to Martin Seligman's psychology research
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- Each participant gets follow-up resources and migration timeline
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-->
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---
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# Conclusions
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## Digital Independence is Democratic Necessity
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In Floridi's infosphere, our digital choices are political choices.
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* **Today's Workshop**: Hands-on GNU/Linux exploration
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* **Your Mission**: Begin your liberation journey
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* **Our Goal**: Build digitally sovereign communities
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---
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# References (1/3)
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||
|
||
**Core Theory:**
|
||
- Floridi, L. (2014). *The Fourth Revolution: How the infosphere is reshaping human reality*. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780199606726
|
||
|
||
**Digital Attacks & Surveillance:**
|
||
- Cadwalladr, C. & Graham-Harrison, E. (2018, March 17). Revealed: 50 million Facebook profiles harvested for Cambridge Analytica in major data breach. *The Guardian*. https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election
|
||
|
||
- Wells, G., Horwitz, J., & Seetharaman, D. (2021, September 14). Facebook knows Instagram is toxic for teen girls, company documents show. *The Wall Street Journal*. https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739
|
||
|
||
- Frenkel, S., Bergman, R. & Saad, H. (2024, September 18). How Israel Built a Modern-Day Trojan Horse: Exploding Pagers. *The New York Times*. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/18/world/middleeast/israel-exploding-pagers-hezbollah.html
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
ul {
|
||
font-size: 1.2rem;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||
# References (2/3)
|
||
|
||
**Government FOSS Success Stories:**
|
||
- The Document Foundation (2024, April 4). German state moving 30,000 PCs to LibreOffice. https://blog.documentfoundation.org/blog/2024/04/04/german-state-moving-30000-pcs-to-libreoffice/
|
||
|
||
- Gascó, M. (2003). New technologies and institutional change in public administration. *Social Science Computer Review*, 21(1), 6-14. [Extremadura case study]
|
||
|
||
- Camara, G. & Fonseca, F. (2007). Information policies and open source software in developing countries. *Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology*, 58(1), 121-132. [Brazil open standards]
|
||
|
||
- OECD (2022), Open Government Review of Brazil: Towards an Integrated Open Government Agenda, OECD Public Governance Reviews, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/3f9009d4-en.
|
||
|
||
**Digital Democracy Platforms:**
|
||
- Aragón, P., et al. (2017). Deliberative Platform Design: The Case Study of the Online Discussions in Decidim Barcelona. *Social Science Computer Review*, 39(6), 1139-1162. https://decidim.barcelona/
|
||
|
||
- vTaiwan Project Documentation. (2023). Digital Minister of Taiwan. https://vtaiwan.tw/
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
ul {
|
||
font-size: 1.2rem;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||
# References (3/3)
|
||
|
||
**Infrastructure & Surveillance Systems:**
|
||
- Kotka, T., Vargas, C.A. & Korjus, K. (2015). Estonia's blockchain-based e-Residency program. *Computer*, 48(9), 106-108. [X-Road infrastructure]
|
||
|
||
- Greenwald, G. (2014). *No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State*. Metropolitan Books. [PRISM program]
|
||
|
||
- Liang, F., et al. (2018). Constructing a data‐driven society: China's social credit system as a state surveillance infrastructure. *Policy & Internet*, 10(4), 415-453.
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
# Questions & Discussion
|
||
|
||
**Additional Resources:**
|
||
- Open Source Alternative Directory: https://www.opensourcealternative.to/
|
||
- OSS Malta Community: https://ossmalta.eu/
|
||
- Presentation Materials: https://dailysh.it/malta
|
||
- Contact: malta@dailysh.it
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<!-- header: "" -->
|
||
<!-- title: Digital Independence Day - Workshop -->
|
||
|
||
# Digital Independence Day - Workshop
|
||
## Part 2: Hands-On Exploration
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
section {
|
||
display: flex;
|
||
flex-direction: column;
|
||
justify-content: center;
|
||
align-items: center;
|
||
height: 100%;
|
||
}
|
||
h1 {
|
||
text-align: center;
|
||
}
|
||
h2 {
|
||
text-align: center;
|
||
color: #b8860b;
|
||
font-size: 0.8em;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||
# 1. Kyū
|
||
|
||
## yellow belt 🟡
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
- uBlock Origin blocks ads, trackers, malware across 400M+ devices
|
||
- Chrome Web Store removed it due to Manifest V3 - forcing users to Firefox
|
||
- Saves 40% bandwidth, 60% faster page loads, extends battery life
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
- LibreWolf removes Mozilla telemetry, adds privacy hardening by default
|
||
- Based on Firefox ESR (Extended Support Release) - more stable than regular Firefox
|
||
- Pre-configured with uBlock Origin, strict privacy settings, no pocket integration
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
- LibreOffice handles Microsoft formats better than Google Docs/Office 365
|
||
- Document Foundation supported by German government, French government
|
||
- Writer, Calc, Impress equivalent to Word, Excel, PowerPoint
|
||
- Saves files in OpenDocument Format (ODF) - ISO standard since 2006
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
section {
|
||
display: flex;
|
||
flex-direction: column;
|
||
justify-content: center;
|
||
align-items: center;
|
||
height: 100%;
|
||
}
|
||
h1 {
|
||
text-align: center;
|
||
}
|
||
h2 {
|
||
text-align: center;
|
||
color: #ff8c00;
|
||
font-size: 0.8em;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||
# 2. Kyū
|
||
|
||
## orange belt 🟠
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
- F-Droid: repository of 4,000+ FOSS Android apps
|
||
- All apps built from source code, verified no tracking/ads
|
||
- Guardian Project apps: secure communications for activists, journalists
|
||
- Alternative to Google Play Store - no Google account required
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
section {
|
||
display: flex;
|
||
flex-direction: column;
|
||
justify-content: center;
|
||
align-items: center;
|
||
height: 100%;
|
||
}
|
||
h1 {
|
||
text-align: center;
|
||
}
|
||
h2 {
|
||
text-align: center;
|
||
color: #006400;
|
||
font-size: 0.8em;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||
# 3. Kyū
|
||
|
||
## green belt 🟢
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
- Self-hosted cloud infrastructure - complete independence from Big Tech
|
||
- Nextcloud provides file sync, calendar, contacts, collaborative editing
|
||
- Can be installed on home server, VPS, or shared hosting
|
||
- European providers offer Nextcloud hosting under GDPR protection
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
<style scoped>
|
||
figure {
|
||
background-position: top !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
|
||

|
||
|