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feat: update task descriptions to include HTML tags for clarity in basic selectors lesson

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Michael Czechowski
2025-05-20 00:18:05 +02:00
parent 16f6d28107
commit e123e4b84a
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lessons/00-basic-selectors.json
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@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
"id": "type-selectors",
"title": "Type Selectors: Targeting HTML Elements",
"description": "Type selectors (also called tag name selectors or element selectors) target HTML elements based on their tag name. For example, <kbd>p</kbd> selects all paragraph elements, <kbd>h1</kbd> selects all level-one headings, and <kbd>div</kbd> selects all division elements. Type selectors are the most fundamental way to select elements, applying styles consistently to all instances of a particular HTML element throughout your document. You can define a variety of CSS properties with type selectors, such as <kbd>color</kbd> for text color, <kbd>background-color</kbd> for the background, and <kbd>font-weight</kbd> for text emphasis. They provide a broad approach for styling your page and are often the starting point for more specific styling using other selector types.",
"task": "Write three separate CSS rules using type selectors to target specific HTML elements: make h2 headings purple, give span elements a yellow background, and make strong elements red.",
"task": "Write three separate CSS rules using type selectors to target specific HTML elements: make <kbd>h2</kbd> headings <kbd>purple</kbd>, give <kbd>span</kbd> elements a <kbd>yellow</kbd> background, and make <kbd>strong</kbd> elements <kbd>red</kbd>.",
"previewHTML": "<h2>Type Selectors Example</h2>\n<p>Regular paragraph text <span>with a highlighted span</span> that should have a yellow background.</p>\n<p>Another paragraph with <strong>strong important text</strong> that should be red.</p>\n<h2>Another Heading</h2>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; }",
"sandboxCSS": "h2, p, span, strong { padding: 3px; }",
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
"id": "class-selectors",
"title": "Class Selectors: Styling Element Groups",
"description": "Class selectors target elements with a specific class attribute value. They begin with a dot (.) followed by the class name. Classes are powerful because they allow you to apply the same styles to multiple elements regardless of their type. An HTML element can have multiple classes (separated by spaces in the class attribute), and a class can be applied to any number of elements. When using class selectors, you can apply properties like <kbd>background-color</kbd> to set the background color of elements, and <kbd>font-weight</kbd> to control text thickness, making text bold or normal. This flexibility makes class selectors one of the most commonly used methods for applying styles in CSS, allowing for modular and reusable styling across your website.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule using a class selector that targets elements with the class 'highlight'. Give these elements a yellow background and bold text.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule using a class selector that targets elements with the class <kbd>highlight</kbd>. Give these elements a <kbd>yellow</kbd> background and <kbd>bold</kbd> text.",
"previewHTML": "<h2>Using Class Selectors</h2>\n<p>This is a regular paragraph, but <span class=\"highlight\">this span has the highlight class</span> applied to it.</p>\n<p class=\"highlight\">This entire paragraph has the highlight class.</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Regular list item</li>\n <li class=\"highlight\">This list item is highlighted</li>\n</ul>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; }",
"sandboxCSS": "h2, p, li { padding: 5px; margin-bottom: 10px; }",
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
"id": "multiple-classes",
"title": "Working with Multiple Classes",
"description": "HTML elements can have multiple classes applied simultaneously, allowing for composable and modular CSS designs. When an element has multiple classes, it will receive styles from all matching class selectors. This approach enables you to build a library of reusable CSS classes that can be combined in different ways. You can also target elements that have a specific combination of classes by chaining class selectors together without spaces (e.g., <kbd>.class1.class2</kbd>). When styling these elements, you might use properties like <kbd>border-color</kbd> to change the color of element borders, and <kbd>background-color</kbd> to set the background color of elements. This technique lets you create conditional styles that only apply when certain classes appear together.",
"task": "Complete the CSS rule that targets elements with both 'card' and 'featured' classes by chaining the selectors. Set the border-color to gold and the background-color to lemonchiffon to make featured cards stand out.",
"task": "Complete the CSS rule that targets elements with both <kbd>card</kbd> and <kbd>featured</kbd> classes by chaining the selectors. Set the border-color to gold and the background-color to lemonchiffon to make featured cards stand out.",
"previewHTML": "<h2>Multiple Class Combinations</h2>\n<div class=\"card\">Regular Card</div>\n<div class=\"card featured\">Featured Card</div>\n<div class=\"featured\">Just Featured (not a card)</div>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; } .card { border: 2px solid gray; padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; border-radius: 5px; }",
"sandboxCSS": "",
@@ -247,8 +247,8 @@
{
"id": "class-with-type",
"title": "Combining Type and Class Selectors",
"description": "You can combine type selectors with class selectors to target specific HTML elements that have a certain class. This creates a more specific selector that only matches when both conditions are true: the element is of the specified type AND it has the specified class. For example, <kbd>p.note</kbd> would select paragraph elements with the class 'note', but would not select divs or spans with that same class. You can style these combined selections using properties like <kbd>background-color</kbd> to set a colored background for your elements. This approach allows you to apply different styles to the same class when it appears on different element types.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule that specifically targets <span> elements with the class 'highlight'. Make those elements have an orange background, while other elements with the highlight class remain untouched.",
"description": "You can combine type selectors with class selectors to target specific HTML elements that have a certain class. This creates a more specific selector that only matches when both conditions are true: the element is of the specified type AND it has the specified class. For example, <kbd>p.note</kbd> would select paragraph elements with the class <kbd>note</kbd>, but would not select divs or spans with that same class. You can style these combined selections using properties like <kbd>background-color</kbd> to set a colored background for your elements. This approach allows you to apply different styles to the same class when it appears on different element types.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule that specifically targets <kbd>&lt;span&gt;</kbd> elements with the class <kbd>highlight</kbd>. Make those elements have an orange background, while other elements with the highlight class remain untouched.",
"previewHTML": "<h2>Type and Class Combinations</h2>\n<p>This paragraph has a <span class=\"highlight\">highlighted span</span> that should have an orange background.</p>\n<p class=\"highlight\">This paragraph has the highlight class but should NOT have an orange background.</p>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; } .highlight { font-weight: bold; }",
"sandboxCSS": "h2, p, span { padding: 5px; }",
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@
"id": "id-selectors",
"title": "ID Selectors: Targeting Unique Elements",
"description": "ID selectors target elements with a specific id attribute. They begin with a hash/pound sign (#) followed by the ID name. Unlike classes, IDs must be unique within a document—each ID value should be used only once per page. ID selectors have higher specificity than class or element selectors, meaning they override those selectors when conflicts arise. When styling with ID selectors, you can use properties like <kbd>color</kbd> to define text color, and <kbd>text-decoration</kbd> to control the appearance of text, such as adding underlines to elements. Because of their uniqueness requirement, IDs are best used for one-of-a-kind elements like page headers, main navigation, or specific unique components that appear only once on a page.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule with an ID selector that targets the element with the ID 'main-title'. Set its color to purple and add an underline with text-decoration: underline.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule with an ID selector that targets the element with the ID <kbd>main-title</kbd>. Set its color to purple and add an underline with <kbd>text-decoration: underline</kbd>.",
"previewHTML": "<h1 id=\"main-title\">Main Page Title</h1>\n<p>Regular paragraph content.</p>\n<h2>Secondary Heading</h2>\n<p id=\"intro\">Introduction paragraph (different ID).</p>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; }",
"sandboxCSS": "h1, h2, p { padding: 8px; margin-bottom: 10px; border: 1px dashed #ccc; }",
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
"id": "id-with-type",
"title": "Combining Type and ID Selectors",
"description": "Similar to how you can combine type and class selectors, you can also combine type selectors with ID selectors. For example, <kbd>h1#title</kbd> targets an h1 element with the ID 'title'. When using this combined approach, you can apply CSS properties like <kbd>font-style</kbd> to control the slant of the text, making it italic or normal. While this selector combination is more specific than using just the ID selector, it's often unnecessary since IDs should already be unique in a document. However, this technique can be useful for improving code readability or when you want to emphasize that a particular ID should only appear on a specific element type.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule that combines a type selector with an ID selector to target specifically a paragraph element with the ID 'special'. Set its font style to italic.",
"task": "Create a CSS rule that combines a type selector with an ID selector to target specifically a paragraph element with the ID <kbd>special</kbd>. Set its font style to italic.",
"previewHTML": "<h2 id=\"special\">Heading with ID \"special\" (should NOT be affected)</h2>\n<p id=\"special\">Paragraph with ID \"special\" (should become italic)</p>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; }",
"sandboxCSS": "h2, p { padding: 8px; margin-bottom: 10px; border: 1px dashed #ccc; }",
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@
"id": "selector-lists",
"title": "Selector Lists: Applying the Same Rules to Multiple Selectors",
"description": "When multiple elements need the same styling, you can group them together using a selector list (also known as grouping selectors). Selector lists are created by separating individual selectors with commas. This approach reduces repetition in your CSS, making it more maintainable and efficient. For example, <kbd>h1, h2, h3 { color: blue; }</kbd> applies the same blue color to all three heading levels. When styling multiple selectors at once, you can apply properties like <kbd>background-color</kbd> to set the background, <kbd>border-left</kbd> to create a left border with a specific thickness, style, and color, and <kbd>padding-left</kbd> to create space between the content and the left border. Whitespace around commas is optional, and each selector in the list can be any valid selector type-elements, classes, IDs, or even more complex selectors.",
"task": "Create a selector list that applies the same styles to three different elements: paragraphs with class 'note', list items with class 'important', and the element with ID 'summary'. Give them a lightyellow background, a gold left border, and some left padding.",
"task": "Create a selector list that applies the same styles to three different elements: paragraphs with class <kbd>note</kbd>, list items with class <kbd>important</kbd>, and the element with ID <kbd>summary</kbd>. Give them a <kbd>lightyellow</kbd> background, a <kbd>gold</kbd> left border, and some left <kbd>padding</kbd>.",
"previewHTML": "<p class=\"note\">This is a note paragraph.</p>\n<ul>\n <li>Regular list item</li>\n <li class=\"important\">Important list item</li>\n</ul>\n<div id=\"summary\">Summary section</div>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; }",
"sandboxCSS": "p, li, div { padding: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; border: 1px dashed gray; }",
@@ -401,6 +401,7 @@
"initialCode": "",
"codeSuffix": "",
"previewContainer": "preview-area",
"solution": "p.note,\nli.important,\n#summary {\n background-color: lightyellow;\n border-left: 3px solid gold;\n padding-left: 10px\n}",
"validations": [
{
"type": "contains",
@@ -479,7 +480,7 @@
"id": "universal-selector",
"title": "The Universal Selector: Targeting Everything",
"description": "The universal selector is denoted by an asterisk (*) and matches any element of any type. It selects everything in the document or, when combined with other selectors, everything within a specific context. For example, <kbd>* { margin: 0; }</kbd> removes margins from all elements, while <kbd>article *</kbd> selects all elements inside article elements. When using the universal selector in combination with other selectors, you can apply properties like <kbd>margin</kbd> to control the spacing around elements. The universal selector is powerful but should be used carefully due to its broad impact. It's commonly used in CSS resets, to override default browser styling, or to target all children of a particular element.",
"task": "Use the universal selector to remove margins from all elements inside the container div. Create a rule using 'div.container *' as the selector and set margin: 0.",
"task": "Use the universal selector to remove margins from all elements inside the container div. Create a rule using <kbd>div.container *</kbd> as the selector and set <kbd>margin: 0</kbd>.",
"previewHTML": "<div class=\"container\">\n <h2>Inside Container</h2>\n <p>This paragraph is inside the container.</p>\n <ul>\n <li>List item inside container</li>\n </ul>\n</div>\n<p>This paragraph is outside the container and should not be affected.</p>",
"previewBaseCSS": "body { font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; padding: 20px; } div.container { border: 2px solid navy; padding: 15px; background-color: lavender; } h2, p, ul, li { margin: 15px 0; }",
"sandboxCSS": "",