{
  description = "Workshop VM with Participant Containers + USB ISO";

  inputs = {
    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-25.05";
    nixos-generators = {
      url = "github:nix-community/nixos-generators";
      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
    };
  };

  outputs =
    {
      self,
      nixpkgs,
      nixos-generators,
    }:
    let
      system = "x86_64-linux";
      pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};

      # Common configuration
      commonConfig =
        {
          isLiveIso ? false,
        }:
        import ./common.nix {
          inherit pkgs isLiveIso;
        };
    in
    {
      packages.${system} = {
        local-vm = self.nixosConfigurations.workshop-vm.config.system.build.vm;

        live-iso = nixos-generators.nixosGenerate {
          inherit system;
          format = "iso";
          modules = [
            (commonConfig { isLiveIso = true; })
          ];
        };
      };

      devShells.${system}.default = pkgs.mkShell {
        packages = with pkgs; [
          markdownlint-cli
          jq
          nixpkgs-fmt
          qemu
        ];
      };

      nixosConfigurations.workshop-vm = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
        inherit system;
        modules = [
          "${nixpkgs}/nixos/modules/virtualisation/qemu-vm.nix"

          (commonConfig { isLiveIso = false; })

          (
            {
              config,
              pkgs,
              lib,
              ...
            }:
            {
              boot.loader.grub.enable = false;
              boot.loader.generic-extlinux-compatible.enable = true;

              # Enable networking for VM
              networking.hostName = "workshop-vm";
              networking.networkmanager.enable = true;
              networking.firewall.enable = false;

              # Hybrid console configuration - serial primary, GUI available
              boot.kernelParams = [
                "console=ttyS0,115200"
                "console=tty1"
              ];

              # VM specific settings
              virtualisation.memorySize = 4096;
              virtualisation.diskSize = 40000;

              # Hybrid mode: GUI available but serial console primary
              virtualisation.qemu.options = [
                "-display"
                "gtk"
                "-monitor"
                "stdio"
                # Add port forwarding for SSH
                "-netdev"
                "user,id=net0,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22"
                "-device"
                "virtio-net,netdev=net0"
              ];
              # GUI session commands handled in common.nix
            }
          )
        ];
      };
    };
}