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.bespoke-marp-note.active{display:block}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-note-container .bespoke-marp-note p:first-child{margin-top:0}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-note-container .bespoke-marp-note p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container{align-items:center;box-sizing:border-box;color:#eee;display:flex;flex-wrap:nowrap;grid-area:info;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding:0 10px}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-page,body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-time,body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-timer{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap;width:100%}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container button{height:1.5em;line-height:1.5em;width:1.5em}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-page{order:2;text-align:center}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-page .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-page-text{display:inline-block;min-width:120px;text-align:center}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-time{color:#999;order:1;text-align:left}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-timer{color:#999;order:3;text-align:right}body[data-bespoke-view=presenter] .bespoke-marp-presenter-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container .bespoke-marp-presenter-info-timer:hover{cursor:pointer}}@media print{.bespoke-marp-presenter-info-container,.bespoke-marp-presenter-next-container,.bespoke-marp-presenter-note-container{display:none}}</style><style>div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{width:1280px;height:720px;box-sizing:border-box;overflow:hidden;position:relative;scroll-snap-align:center center;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;text-size-adjust:100%}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section::after{bottom:0;content:attr(data-marpit-pagination);padding:inherit;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;right:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:not([data-marpit-pagination])::after{display:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1){font-size:2em;margin-block:0.67em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section video::-webkit-media-controls{will-change:transform}@page {size:1280px 720px;margin:0}@media print{html, body{background-color:#fff;margin:0;page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-page}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{page-break-before:always;break-before:page}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section, div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section *{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact!important;animation-delay:0s!important;animation-duration:0s!important;color-adjust:exact!important;print-color-adjust:exact!important;transition:none!important}div#\:\$p > svg[data-marpit-svg]{display:block;height:100vh;width:100vw}}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > :where(section){container-type:size}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"]{direction:ltr}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"] > svg{overflow:visible;min-height:1px;min-width:1px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"] > svg a{fill:blue;stroke:blue}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"][display="true"]{display:block;text-align:center;margin:1em 0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"][display="true"][width="full"]{display:flex}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"][justify="left"]{text-align:left}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"][justify="right"]{text-align:right}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="merror"] > g{fill:red;stroke:red}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="merror"] > rect[data-background]{fill:yellow;stroke:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="mtable"] > line[data-line], div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-table] > g > line[data-line]{stroke-width:70px;fill:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="mtable"] > rect[data-frame], div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-table] > g > rect[data-frame]{stroke-width:70px;fill:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="mtable"] > .mjx-dashed, div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-table] > g > .mjx-dashed{stroke-dasharray:140}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="mtable"] > .mjx-dotted, div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section svg[data-table] > g > .mjx-dotted{stroke-linecap:round;stroke-dasharray:0,140}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="mtable"] > g > svg{overflow:visible}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [jax="SVG"] mjx-tool{display:inline-block;position:relative;width:0;height:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [jax="SVG"] mjx-tool > mjx-tip{position:absolute;top:0;left:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-tool > mjx-tip{display:inline-block;padding:.2em;border:1px solid #888;font-size:70%;background-color:#F8F8F8;color:black;box-shadow:2px 2px 5px #AAAAAA}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g[data-mml-node="maction"][data-toggle]{cursor:pointer}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-status{display:block;position:fixed;left:1em;bottom:1em;min-width:25%;padding:.2em .4em;border:1px solid #888;font-size:90%;background-color:#F8F8F8;color:black}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section foreignObject[data-mjx-xml]{font-family:initial;line-height:normal;overflow:visible}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"] path[data-c], div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax="SVG"] use[data-c]{stroke-width:3}@media print{div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax=SVG] path[data-c],div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mjx-container[jax=SVG] use[data-c]{stroke-width:0}}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section img[data-marp-twemoji]{background:transparent;height:1em;margin:0 .05em 0 .1em;vertical-align:-.1em;width:1em}/*!
* Marp default theme.
*
* @theme default
* @author Yuki Hattori
*
* @auto-scaling true
* @size 16:9 1280px 720px
* @size 4:3 960px 720px
*/div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{--base-size-4:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.25);--base-size-8:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.5);--base-size-16:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 1);--base-size-24:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 1.5);--base-size-40:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 2.5);--base-text-weight-normal:400;--base-text-weight-medium:500;--base-text-weight-semibold:600;--fontStack-monospace:ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, SF Mono, Menlo, Consolas, Liberation Mono, monospace;--fgColor-accent:Highlight;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [data-theme=light],div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{color-scheme:light;--focus-outlineColor:#0969da;--fgColor-default:#1f2328;--fgColor-muted:#59636e;--fgColor-accent:#0969da;--fgColor-success:#1a7f37;--fgColor-attention:#9a6700;--fgColor-danger:#d1242f;--fgColor-done:#8250df;--bgColor-default:#fff;--bgColor-muted:#f6f8fa;--bgColor-neutral-muted:#818b981f;--bgColor-attention-muted:#fff8c5;--borderColor-default:#d1d9e0;--borderColor-muted:#d1d9e0b3;--borderColor-neutral-muted:#d1d9e0b3;--borderColor-accent-emphasis:#0969da;--borderColor-success-emphasis:#1a7f37;--borderColor-attention-emphasis:#9a6700;--borderColor-danger-emphasis:#cf222e;--borderColor-done-emphasis:#8250df;--color-prettylights-syntax-comment:#59636e;--color-prettylights-syntax-constant:#0550ae;--color-prettylights-syntax-constant-other-reference-link:#0a3069;--color-prettylights-syntax-entity:#6639ba;--color-prettylights-syntax-storage-modifier-import:#1f2328;--color-prettylights-syntax-entity-tag:#0550ae;--color-prettylights-syntax-keyword:#cf222e;--color-prettylights-syntax-string:#0a3069;--color-prettylights-syntax-variable:#953800;--color-prettylights-syntax-brackethighlighter-unmatched:#82071e;--color-prettylights-syntax-brackethighlighter-angle:#59636e;--color-prettylights-syntax-invalid-illegal-text:#f6f8fa;--color-prettylights-syntax-invalid-illegal-bg:#82071e;--color-prettylights-syntax-carriage-return-text:#f6f8fa;--color-prettylights-syntax-carriage-return-bg:#cf222e;--color-prettylights-syntax-string-regexp:#116329;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-list:#3b2300;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-heading:#0550ae;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-italic:#1f2328;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-bold:#1f2328;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-text:#82071e;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-bg:#ffebe9;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-text:#116329;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-bg:#dafbe1;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-changed-text:#953800;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-changed-bg:#ffd8b5;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-ignored-text:#d1d9e0;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-ignored-bg:#0550ae;--color-prettylights-syntax-meta-diff-range:#8250df;--color-prettylights-syntax-sublimelinter-gutter-mark:#818b98;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [data-theme=dark],div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:where(.invert){color-scheme:dark;--focus-outlineColor:#1f6feb;--fgColor-default:#f0f6fc;--fgColor-muted:#9198a1;--fgColor-accent:#4493f8;--fgColor-success:#3fb950;--fgColor-attention:#d29922;--fgColor-danger:#f85149;--fgColor-done:#ab7df8;--bgColor-default:#0d1117;--bgColor-muted:#151b23;--bgColor-neutral-muted:#656c7633;--bgColor-attention-muted:#bb800926;--borderColor-default:#3d444d;--borderColor-muted:#3d444db3;--borderColor-neutral-muted:#3d444db3;--borderColor-accent-emphasis:#1f6feb;--borderColor-success-emphasis:#238636;--borderColor-attention-emphasis:#9e6a03;--borderColor-danger-emphasis:#da3633;--borderColor-done-emphasis:#8957e5;--color-prettylights-syntax-comment:#9198a1;--color-prettylights-syntax-constant:#79c0ff;--color-prettylights-syntax-constant-other-reference-link:#a5d6ff;--color-prettylights-syntax-entity:#d2a8ff;--color-prettylights-syntax-storage-modifier-import:#f0f6fc;--color-prettylights-syntax-entity-tag:#7ee787;--color-prettylights-syntax-keyword:#ff7b72;--color-prettylights-syntax-string:#a5d6ff;--color-prettylights-syntax-variable:#ffa657;--color-prettylights-syntax-brackethighlighter-unmatched:#f85149;--color-prettylights-syntax-brackethighlighter-angle:#9198a1;--color-prettylights-syntax-invalid-illegal-text:#f0f6fc;--color-prettylights-syntax-invalid-illegal-bg:#8e1519;--color-prettylights-syntax-carriage-return-text:#f0f6fc;--color-prettylights-syntax-carriage-return-bg:#b62324;--color-prettylights-syntax-string-regexp:#7ee787;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-list:#f2cc60;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-heading:#1f6feb;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-italic:#f0f6fc;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-bold:#f0f6fc;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-text:#ffdcd7;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-bg:#67060c;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-text:#aff5b4;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-bg:#033a16;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-changed-text:#ffdfb6;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-changed-bg:#5a1e02;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-ignored-text:#f0f6fc;--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-ignored-bg:#1158c7;--color-prettylights-syntax-meta-diff-range:#d2a8ff;--color-prettylights-syntax-sublimelinter-gutter-mark:#3d444d;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;background-color:var(--bgColor-default);color:var(--fgColor-default);font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Noto Sans,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;margin:0;word-wrap:break-word}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{--marpit-root-font-size:16px;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1):hover .anchor .octicon-link:before,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2):hover .anchor .octicon-link:before,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3):hover .anchor .octicon-link:before,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4):hover .anchor .octicon-link:before,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5):hover .anchor .octicon-link:before,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6):hover .anchor .octicon-link:before{background-color:currentColor;content:" ";display:inline-block;height:16px;-webkit-mask-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 0 0 1.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 1 1 2.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 0 1-2.83 0 .75.75 0 0 0-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 0 0 4.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0-4.95-4.95zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 0 1 0-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 0 1 2.83 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 0 0-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 4.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 0 1-2.83 0"/></svg>');mask-image:url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 0 0 1.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 1 1 2.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 0 1-2.83 0 .75.75 0 0 0-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 0 0 4.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0-4.95-4.95zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 0 1 0-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 0 1 2.83 0 .75.75 0 0 0 1.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 0 0-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 0 4.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 0 1-2.83 0"/></svg>');width:16px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section details,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section figcaption,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section figure{display:block}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary{display:list-item}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [hidden]{display:none!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a{background-color:transparent;color:var(--fgColor-accent);text-decoration:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section b,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section strong{font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section dfn{font-style:italic}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1){border-bottom:1px solid var(--borderColor-muted);font-size:2em;font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600);margin:.67em 0;padding-bottom:.3em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section mark{background-color:var(--bgColor-attention-muted);color:var(--fgColor-default)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section small{font-size:90%}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section sub,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section sub{bottom:-.25em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section sup{top:-.5em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section img{border-style:none;box-sizing:content-box;max-width:100%}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section kbd,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section figure{margin:1em var(--base-size-40)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section hr{background:transparent;background-color:var(--borderColor-default);border:0;box-sizing:content-box;height:.25em;margin:var(--base-size-24) 0;overflow:hidden;padding:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input{font:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;margin:0;overflow:visible}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=button],div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=reset],div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=submit]{-webkit-appearance:button;-moz-appearance:button;appearance:button}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=checkbox],div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=radio]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ::-webkit-input-placeholder{color:inherit;opacity:.54}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;appearance:button;font:inherit}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:hover{text-decoration:underline}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ::-moz-placeholder{color:var(--fgColor-muted);opacity:1}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ::placeholder{color:var(--fgColor-muted);opacity:1}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section hr:after,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section hr:before{content:"";display:table}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section hr:after{clear:both}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;display:block;font-variant:tabular-nums;max-width:100%;overflow:auto;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section td,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section th{padding:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section details summary{cursor:pointer}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [role=button]:focus,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:focus,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=checkbox]:focus,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=radio]:focus{box-shadow:none;outline:2px solid var(--focus-outlineColor);outline-offset:-2px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [role=button]:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=checkbox]:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=radio]:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:1px solid transparent}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [role=button]:focus-visible,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:focus-visible,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=checkbox]:focus-visible,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=radio]:focus-visible{box-shadow:none;outline:2px solid var(--focus-outlineColor);outline-offset:-2px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:not([class]):focus,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:not([class]):focus-visible,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=checkbox]:focus,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=checkbox]:focus-visible,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=radio]:focus,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input[type=radio]:focus-visible{outline-offset:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section kbd{background-color:var(--bgColor-muted);border-bottom-color:var(--borderColor-neutral-muted);border:1px solid var(--borderColor-neutral-muted);border-radius:6px;box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 var(--borderColor-neutral-muted);color:var(--fgColor-default);display:inline-block;font:11px var(--fontStack-monospace, ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, SF Mono, Menlo, Consolas, Liberation Mono, monospace);line-height:10px;padding:var(--base-size-4);vertical-align:middle}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6){font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600);line-height:1.25;margin-bottom:var(--base-size-16);margin-top:var(--base-size-24)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2){border-bottom:1px solid var(--borderColor-muted);font-size:1.5em;padding-bottom:.3em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3){font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3){font-size:1.25em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4){font-size:1em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5){font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5){font-size:.875em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6){color:var(--fgColor-muted);font-size:.85em;font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section p{margin-bottom:10px;margin-top:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section blockquote{border-left:.25em solid var(--borderColor-default);color:var(--fgColor-muted);margin:0;padding:0 1em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding-left:2em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul ol{list-style-type:lower-roman}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol ol ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol ul ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul ol ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul ul ol{list-style-type:lower-alpha}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section dd{margin-left:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section samp,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section tt{font-family:var(--fontStack-monospace, ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, SF Mono, Menlo, Consolas, Liberation Mono, monospace);font-size:12px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;word-wrap:normal}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .octicon{display:inline-block;overflow:visible!important;vertical-align:text-bottom;fill:currentColor}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input::-webkit-inner-spin-button,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section input::-webkit-outer-spin-button{-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none;margin:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .mr-2{margin-right:var(--base-size-8, 8px)!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:after,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:before{display:table}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:after{clear:both}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section>:first-child{margin-top:0!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section>:last-child{margin-bottom:0!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:not([href]){color:inherit;text-decoration:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .absent{color:var(--fgColor-danger)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .anchor{float:left;line-height:1;margin-left:-20px;padding-right:var(--base-size-4)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .anchor:focus{outline:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section blockquote,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section details,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section dl,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section p,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul{margin-bottom:var(--base-size-16);margin-top:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section blockquote>:first-child{margin-top:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section blockquote>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1) .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2) .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3) .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4) .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5) .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6) .octicon-link{color:var(--fgColor-default);vertical-align:middle;visibility:hidden}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1):hover .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2):hover .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3):hover .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4):hover .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5):hover .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6):hover .anchor{text-decoration:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1):hover .anchor .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2):hover .anchor .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3):hover .anchor .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4):hover .anchor .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5):hover .anchor .octicon-link,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6):hover .anchor .octicon-link{visibility:visible}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1) code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1) tt,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2) code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2) tt,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3) code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3) tt,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4) code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4) tt,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5) code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5) tt,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6) code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6) tt{font-size:inherit;padding:0 .2em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h1, marp-h1),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h2, marp-h2),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h3, marp-h3),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h4, marp-h4),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h5, marp-h5),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h6, marp-h6){display:inline-block}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h1, marp-h1) .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h2, marp-h2) .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h3, marp-h3) .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h4, marp-h4) .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h5, marp-h5) .anchor,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h6, marp-h6) .anchor{margin-left:-40px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h1, marp-h1),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary :is(h2, marp-h2){border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol.no-list,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul.no-list{list-style-type:none;padding:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol[type="a s"]{list-style-type:lower-alpha}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol[type="A s"]{list-style-type:upper-alpha}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol[type="i s"]{list-style-type:lower-roman}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol[type="I s"]{list-style-type:upper-roman}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section div>ol:not([type]),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol[type="1"]{list-style-type:decimal}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol ul,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section li>p{margin-top:var(--base-size-16)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section li+li{margin-top:.25em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section dl{padding:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section dl dt{font-size:1em;font-style:italic;font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600);margin-top:var(--base-size-16);padding:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section dl dd{margin-bottom:var(--base-size-16);padding:0 var(--base-size-16)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table th{font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table td,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table th{border:1px solid var(--borderColor-default);padding:6px 13px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table td>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table tr{background-color:var(--bgColor-default);border-top:1px solid var(--borderColor-muted)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table tr:nth-child(2n){background-color:var(--bgColor-muted)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section table img{background-color:transparent}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section img[align=right]{padding-left:20px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section img[align=left]{padding-right:20px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .emoji{background-color:transparent;max-width:none;vertical-align:text-top}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).frame,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).frame>:is(span, marp-span){display:block;overflow:hidden}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).frame>:is(span, marp-span){border:1px solid var(--borderColor-default);float:left;margin:13px 0 0;padding:7px;width:auto}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).frame :is(span, marp-span) img{display:block;float:left}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).frame :is(span, marp-span) :is(span, marp-span){clear:both;color:var(--fgColor-default);display:block;padding:5px 0 0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).align-center{clear:both;display:block;overflow:hidden}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).align-center>:is(span, marp-span){display:block;margin:13px auto 0;overflow:hidden;text-align:center}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).align-center :is(span, marp-span) img{margin:0 auto;text-align:center}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).align-right{clear:both;display:block;overflow:hidden}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).align-right>:is(span, marp-span){display:block;margin:13px 0 0;overflow:hidden;text-align:right}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).align-right :is(span, marp-span) img{margin:0;text-align:right}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).float-left{display:block;float:left;margin-right:13px;overflow:hidden}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).float-left :is(span, marp-span){margin:13px 0 0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).float-right{display:block;float:right;margin-left:13px;overflow:hidden}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(span, marp-span).float-right>:is(span, marp-span){display:block;margin:13px auto 0;overflow:hidden;text-align:right}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section tt{background-color:var(--bgColor-neutral-muted);border-radius:6px;font-size:85%;margin:0;padding:.2em .4em;white-space:break-spaces}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section code br,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section tt br{display:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section del code{text-decoration:inherit}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section samp{font-size:85%}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) code{font-size:100%}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre)>code{background:transparent;border:0;margin:0;padding:0;white-space:pre;word-break:normal}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .highlight{margin-bottom:var(--base-size-16)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .highlight :is(pre, marp-pre){margin-bottom:0;word-break:normal}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre){background-color:var(--bgColor-muted);border-radius:6px;color:var(--fgColor-default);font-size:85%;line-height:1.45;overflow:auto;padding:var(--base-size-16)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) code,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) tt{display:inline;line-height:inherit;margin:0;max-width:auto;overflow:visible;padding:0;word-wrap:normal;background-color:transparent;border:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .csv-data td,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .csv-data th{font-size:12px;line-height:1;overflow:hidden;padding:5px;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .csv-data .blob-num{background:var(--bgColor-default);border:0;padding:10px var(--base-size-8) 9px;text-align:right}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .csv-data tr{border-top:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .csv-data th{background:var(--bgColor-muted);border-top:0;font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-semibold, 600)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [data-footnote-ref]:before{content:"["}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [data-footnote-ref]:after{content:"]"}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes{border-top:1px solid var(--borderColor-default);color:var(--fgColor-muted);font-size:12px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section section.footnotes{--marpit-root-font-size:12px;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes ol,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes ol ul{padding-left:var(--base-size-16)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes ol ul{display:inline-block;margin-top:var(--base-size-16)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes li{position:relative}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes li:target:before{border:2px solid var(--borderColor-accent-emphasis);border-radius:6px;bottom:calc(var(--base-size-8)*-1);content:"";left:calc(var(--base-size-24)*-1);pointer-events:none;position:absolute;right:calc(var(--base-size-8)*-1);top:calc(var(--base-size-8)*-1)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes li:target{color:var(--fgColor-default)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .footnotes .data-footnote-backref g-emoji{font-family:monospace}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section body:has(:modal){padding-right:var(--dialog-scrollgutter)!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-c{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-comment)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-c1,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-s .pl-v{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-e,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-en{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-s .pl-s1,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-smi{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-storage-modifier-import)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-ent{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity-tag)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-k{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-keyword)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-pds,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-s,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-s .pl-pse .pl-s1,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-sr,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-sr .pl-cce,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-sr .pl-sra,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-sr .pl-sre{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-string)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-smw,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-v{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-variable)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-bu{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-brackethighlighter-unmatched)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-ii{background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-invalid-illegal-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-invalid-illegal-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-c2{background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-carriage-return-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-carriage-return-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-sr .pl-cce{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-string-regexp);font-weight:700}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-ml{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-list)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mh,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mh .pl-en,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-ms{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-heading);font-weight:700}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mi{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-italic);font-style:italic}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mb{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-bold);font-weight:700}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-md{background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mi1{background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mc{background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-changed-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-changed-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mi2{background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-ignored-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-ignored-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-mdr{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-meta-diff-range);font-weight:700}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-ba{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-brackethighlighter-angle)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-sg{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-sublimelinter-gutter-mark)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .pl-corl{color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant-other-reference-link);text-decoration:underline}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [role=button]:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [role=tabpanel][tabindex="0"]:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section a:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section button:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section summary:focus:not(:focus-visible){box-shadow:none;outline:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section [tabindex="0"]:focus:not(:focus-visible),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section details-dialog:focus:not(:focus-visible){outline:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g-emoji{display:inline-block;font-family:Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1em;font-style:normal!important;font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-normal, 400);line-height:1;min-width:1ch;vertical-align:-.075em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section g-emoji img{height:1em;width:1em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .task-list-item{list-style-type:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .task-list-item label{font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-normal, 400)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .task-list-item.enabled label{cursor:pointer}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .task-list-item+.task-list-item{margin-top:var(--base-size-4)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .task-list-item .handle{display:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .task-list-item-checkbox{margin:0 .2em .25em -1.4em;vertical-align:middle}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ul:dir(rtl) .task-list-item-checkbox{margin:0 -1.6em .25em .2em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ol:dir(rtl) .task-list-item-checkbox{margin:0 -1.6em .25em .2em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .contains-task-list:focus-within .task-list-item-convert-container,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .contains-task-list:hover .task-list-item-convert-container{display:block;height:24px;overflow:visible;width:auto;clip:auto}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section ::-webkit-calendar-picker-indicator{filter:invert(50%)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert{border-left:.25em solid var(--borderColor-default);color:inherit;margin-bottom:var(--base-size-16);padding:var(--base-size-8) var(--base-size-16)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert>:first-child{margin-top:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert .markdown-alert-title{align-items:center;display:flex;font-weight:var(--base-text-weight-medium, 500);line-height:1}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-note{border-left-color:var(--borderColor-accent-emphasis)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-note .markdown-alert-title{color:var(--fgColor-accent)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-important{border-left-color:var(--borderColor-done-emphasis)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-important .markdown-alert-title{color:var(--fgColor-done)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-warning{border-left-color:var(--borderColor-attention-emphasis)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-warning .markdown-alert-title{color:var(--fgColor-attention)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-tip{border-left-color:var(--borderColor-success-emphasis)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-tip .markdown-alert-title{color:var(--fgColor-success)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-caution{border-left-color:var(--borderColor-danger-emphasis)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .markdown-alert.markdown-alert-caution .markdown-alert-title{color:var(--fgColor-danger)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section>:first-child>.heading-element:first-child{margin-top:0!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section .highlight :is(pre, marp-pre):has(+.zeroclipboard-container){min-height:52px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1){color:var(--h1-color);font-size:1.6em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2){border-bottom:none}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2){font-size:1.3em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3){font-size:1.1em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4){font-size:1.05em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5){font-size:1em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6){font-size:.9em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1) strong,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2) strong,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3) strong,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4) strong,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5) strong,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6) strong{color:var(--heading-strong-color);font-weight:inherit}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h1, marp-h1)::part(auto-scaling),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h2, marp-h2)::part(auto-scaling),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h3, marp-h3)::part(auto-scaling),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h4, marp-h4)::part(auto-scaling),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h5, marp-h5)::part(auto-scaling),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(h6, marp-h6)::part(auto-scaling){max-height:563px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section hr{height:0;padding-top:.25em}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section img{background-color:transparent}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre){border:1px solid var(--borderColor-default);line-height:1.15;overflow:visible}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre)::part(auto-scaling){max-height:529px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-storage-modifier-import)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-doctag),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-keyword),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-meta .hljs-keyword),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-template-tag),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-template-variable),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-type),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-variable.language_){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-keyword)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-title),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-title.class_),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-title.class_.inherited__),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-title.function_){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-attr),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-attribute),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-literal),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-meta),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-number),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-operator),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-selector-attr),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-selector-class),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-selector-id),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-variable){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-constant)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-meta .hljs-string),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-regexp),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-string){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-string)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-built_in),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-symbol){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-variable)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-code),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-comment),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-formula){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-comment)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-name),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-quote),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-selector-pseudo),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-selector-tag){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-entity-tag)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-subst){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-storage-modifier-import)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-section){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-heading);font-weight:700}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-bullet){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-list)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-emphasis){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-italic);font-style:italic}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-strong){color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-bold);font-weight:700}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-addition){background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-inserted-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section :is(pre, marp-pre) :where(.hljs-deletion){background-color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-bg);color:var(--color-prettylights-syntax-markup-deleted-text)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section footer,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section header{color:var(--header-footer-color);font-size:18px;left:30px;margin:0;position:absolute}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section header{top:21px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section footer{bottom:21px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{--h1-color:#246;--header-footer-color:hsla(0,0%,40%,.75);--heading-strong-color:#48c;--paginate-color:#777;--base-size-4:4px;--base-size-8:8px;--base-size-16:16px;--base-size-24:24px;--base-size-40:40px;align-items:stretch;display:block;flex-flow:column nowrap;font-size:29px;height:720px;padding:78.5px;place-content:safe center center;width:1280px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section{--marpit-root-font-size:29px;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:where(.invert){--h1-color:#cee7ff;--header-footer-color:hsla(0,0%,60%,.75);--heading-strong-color:#7bf;--paginate-color:#999;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section>:last-child,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-footer]>:nth-last-child(2){margin-bottom:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section>:first-child,div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section>header:first-child+*{margin-top:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:after{bottom:21px;color:var(--paginate-color);font-size:24px;padding:0;position:absolute;right:30px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section:after{--marpit-root-font-size:24px;}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-color] :is(h1, marp-h1),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-color] :is(h2, marp-h2),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-color] :is(h3, marp-h3),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-color] :is(h4, marp-h4),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-color] :is(h5, marp-h5),div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-color] :is(h6, marp-h6){color:currentcolor}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-scope-IsezYtQ9] ul{font-size:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.7)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-scope-IsezYtQ9] figure{background-position:top!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-scope-XDmW1OA8] table{font-size:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.6)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-scope-szy8JngZ] table{font-size:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.6)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-scope-p0gdO65I] ul{font-size:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.7)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-scope-RUlejyqr] ul{font-size:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.7)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-scope-TtRrF0xo] ul{font-size:calc(var(--marpit-root-font-size, 1rem) * 0.7)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"]{columns:initial!important;display:block!important;padding:0!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"]::before, div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"]::after, div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="content"]::before, div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="content"]::after{display:none!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"] > div[data-marpit-advanced-background-container]{all:initial;display:flex;flex-direction:row;height:100%;overflow:hidden;width:100%}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"] > div[data-marpit-advanced-background-container][data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="vertical"]{flex-direction:column}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"][data-marpit-advanced-background-split] > div[data-marpit-advanced-background-container]{width:var(--marpit-advanced-background-split, 50%)}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"][data-marpit-advanced-background-split="right"] > div[data-marpit-advanced-background-container]{margin-left:calc(100% - var(--marpit-advanced-background-split, 50%))}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"] > div[data-marpit-advanced-background-container] > figure{all:initial;background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;flex:auto;margin:0}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="background"] > div[data-marpit-advanced-background-container] > figure > figcaption{position:absolute;border:0;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;white-space:nowrap;width:1px}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="content"], div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"]{background:transparent!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"], div#\:\$p > svg[data-marpit-svg] > foreignObject[data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"]{pointer-events:none!important}div#\:\$p > svg > foreignObject > section[data-marpit-advanced-background-split]{width:100%;height:100%}
</style></head><body><div class="bespoke-marp-osc"><button data-bespoke-marp-osc="prev" tabindex="-1" title="Previous slide">Previous slide</button><span data-bespoke-marp-osc="page"></span><button data-bespoke-marp-osc="next" tabindex="-1" title="Next slide">Next slide</button><button data-bespoke-marp-osc="fullscreen" tabindex="-1" title="Toggle fullscreen (f)">Toggle fullscreen</button><button data-bespoke-marp-osc="presenter" tabindex="-1" title="Open presenter view (p)">Open presenter view</button></div><div id=":$p"><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="1" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="1" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26">
<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="digital-independence-day">Digital Independence Day</h1>
<h2 id="reclaiming-our-digital-autonomy">Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</h2>
<p><strong>Michał Czechowski</strong><br />
University Lecturer &amp; Open Source Enthusiast<br />
Stuttgart, Germany</p>
<p><em>Science in the City Festival Malta • September 17, 2025</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="2" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="2" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26">
<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="about-me">About Me</h1>
<p><strong>Michał Czechowski</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>University Lecturer at DHBW Stuttgart &amp; LFH Hannover</li>
<li>20+ years software engineering experience</li>
<li>FOSS transformation specialist</li>
<li>Polish-German background: generational experience with authoritarian control</li>
<li>Passionate about empowering digital independence through democratic technology</li>
</ul>
<p><em>&quot;From surviving authoritarianism to building digital freedom&quot;</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section data-marpit-scope-IsezYtQ9="" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="3" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26" data-marpit-advanced-background="background" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="left"><div data-marpit-advanced-background-container="true" data-marpit-advanced-background-direction="horizontal"><figure style="background-image:url(&quot;oracle-lawsuit.png&quot;);"></figure></div></section></foreignObject><foreignObject width="50%" height="720" x="50%"><section id="3" data-marpit-scope-IsezYtQ9="" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="3" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;--marpit-advanced-background-split:50%;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26" data-marpit-advanced-background="content" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="left">
<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>2014</strong>: Oracle aquires a marketing tech start-up based in Cupertino, California, for around <strong>$400 million</strong>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>2016</strong>: Oracle bragged about profiling 5 billion people worldwide, creating detailed cohorts from <strong>sensitive web browsing activity, names, home addresses, email addresses, and cross-device tracking data</strong></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>$42.4 billion annual revenue</strong> from their BlueKai data brokerage operations, selling personal profiles to advertisers and third parties without consent</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>2024</strong>: Oracle forced to pay $115 million settlement after class action lawsuit led by privacy researchers Michael Katz-Lacabe (USA), Jennifer Golbeck (USA), and Johnny Ryan (Ireland)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
</foreignObject><foreignObject width="1280" height="720" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo"><section data-marpit-scope-IsezYtQ9="" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="3" style="" data-marpit-pagination-total="26" data-marpit-advanced-background="pseudo" data-marpit-advanced-background-split="left"></section></foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="4" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="4" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26">
<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="what-is-digital-independence">What is Digital Independence?</h1>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="digital-independence">Digital Independence</h1>
<h2 id="democratic-control-over-information-systems">Democratic Control Over Information Systems</h2>
<p><strong>Digital Autonomy</strong>: The capacity for individuals and societies to make informed, voluntary decisions about their digital tools and data</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Individual Level</strong>: You control what software runs on your devices</li>
<li><strong>Societal Level</strong>: Communities govern their digital infrastructure</li>
<li><strong>Democratic Level</strong>: Transparent, accountable technology governance</li>
</ul>
<p><em>Democracy enhanced by autonomy leads to better societal outcomes</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="why-does-digital-autonomy-matter">Why Does Digital Autonomy Matter?</h1>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="the-fourth-revolution-living-in-the-infosphere">The Fourth Revolution: Living in the Infosphere</h1>
<p><strong>Luciano Floridi's Core Thesis</strong>: We now inhabit a &quot;hyper-historical&quot; world where the distinction between online and offline life has collapsed.</p>
<p>The <strong>infosphere</strong> - our combined digital and physical reality - means:</p>
<ul>
<li>Information systems ARE the infrastructure of modern society</li>
<li>Digital dependencies create systemic vulnerabilities</li>
<li>Control over information systems equals control over society itself</li>
</ul>
<p><em>We are no longer users of digital tools - we are inhabitants of digital reality</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="critical-infrastructure-dependencies">Critical Infrastructure Dependencies</h1>
<p><strong>When information systems control:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Healthcare</strong>: Electronic records, diagnostic systems, life support</li>
<li><strong>Logistics</strong>: Supply chains, transportation networks, food distribution</li>
<li><strong>Finance</strong>: Payment systems, banking infrastructure, economic stability</li>
<li><strong>Democracy</strong>: Media platforms, electoral systems, public discourse</li>
<li><strong>Education</strong>: Learning platforms, research access, knowledge distribution</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Single point of failure = societal breakdown</strong></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="when-digital-systems-fail-society-fails">When Digital Systems Fail, Society Fails</h1>
<p><strong>Recent Systemic Failures:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Hospital ransomware attacks → patients die from delayed care</li>
<li>Social media manipulation → electoral interference, democratic erosion</li>
<li>Supply chain attacks → economic disruption, infrastructure breakdown</li>
<li>Platform censorship → suppression of legitimate discourse</li>
<li>Algorithmic bias → systemic discrimination at scale</li>
</ul>
<p><em>Digital dependence without democratic control = societal vulnerability</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="who-opposes-digital-autonomy">Who Opposes Digital Autonomy?</h1>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="the-opposition-alliance">The Opposition Alliance</h1>
<p><strong>Surveillance Capitalism Model:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Extract behavioral data at unprecedented scale</li>
<li>Manipulate user behavior through algorithmic control</li>
<li>Create dependencies to maintain market dominance</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Authoritarian State Interests:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Monitor and control population behavior</li>
<li>Suppress dissent through platform manipulation</li>
<li>Weaponize civilian technology infrastructure</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Shared Goal: Centralized control over information systems</strong></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="real-world-digital-attacks">Real-World Digital Attacks</h1>
<p><strong>Cambridge Analytica (2018)</strong>: 87 million Facebook profiles harvested for election manipulation</p>
<p><strong>Meta's Teen Depression Experiments (2021)</strong>: Deliberately harmful algorithms tested on adolescents</p>
<p><strong>Israel-Lebanon Pager Attack (2024)</strong>: Consumer communication devices remotely weaponized</p>
<p><strong>Palantir Surveillance Infrastructure</strong>: Military-grade population monitoring sold to corporations and governments</p>
<p><strong>TikTok Algorithmic Influence</strong>: Foreign state influence over domestic youth culture and political discourse</p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="whos-fighting-back">Who's Fighting Back?</h1>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="digital-independence-success-stories">Digital Independence Success Stories</h1>
<p><strong><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🇩🇪" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@16.0.1/assets/svg/1f1e9-1f1ea.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> Schleswig-Holstein</strong>: Complete state migration to Linux and LibreOffice, ending Microsoft dependency</p>
<p><strong><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🇫🇷" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@16.0.1/assets/svg/1f1eb-1f1f7.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> Lyon</strong>: 17,000 government computers migrated to Ubuntu, saving €2M annually in licensing costs</p>
<p><strong><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🇪🇸" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@16.0.1/assets/svg/1f1ea-1f1f8.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> Extremadura</strong>: 200,000 students educated on Linux-based systems, creating digital literacy without vendor lock-in</p>
<p><strong><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🇮🇹" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@16.0.1/assets/svg/1f1ee-1f1f9.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> South Tyrol</strong>: Government-wide OpenOffice deployment, demonstrating scalable alternatives</p>
<p><strong><img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="🇧🇷" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@16.0.1/assets/svg/1f1e7-1f1f7.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/> Brazil</strong>: Constitutional requirement for open standards in government systems</p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="foss-vs-open-source-vs-proprietary">FOSS vs. &quot;Open Source&quot; vs. Proprietary</h1>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="software-models-compared">Software Models Compared</h1>
<p><strong>Proprietary Software:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Black box code, vendor control, only licenses</li>
<li>Surveillance capabilities built-in</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>&quot;Open Source&quot; (Silicon Valley):</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Source visible but corporate-controlled</li>
<li>&quot;Open washing&quot; marketing tactics</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Free &amp; Open Source Software (FOSS):</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Community governance, transparent code</li>
<li>Privacy by default, no surveillance by design</li>
</ul>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="how-to-gain-digital-autonomy">How to Gain Digital Autonomy</h1>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="your-liberation-toolkit">Your Liberation Toolkit</h1>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Category</th>
<th>Proprietary Tool</th>
<th>FOSS Alternative</th>
<th>Implementation Notes</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Communication</strong></td>
<td>WhatsApp</td>
<td>Signal</td>
<td>End-to-end encrypted, normie-friendly</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Element (Matrix)</td>
<td>Decentralized protocol, tech-savvy users</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Twitter/X</td>
<td>Mastodon</td>
<td>ActivityPub federation, choose instance wisely</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Discord</td>
<td>Element/Matrix</td>
<td>Bridges available for Discord migration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Web Browsing</strong></td>
<td>Chrome/Chromium</td>
<td>Firefox</td>
<td>Mozilla Foundation, privacy-focused</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>LibreWolf</td>
<td>Firefox without telemetry, hardened</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Ladybird</td>
<td>Complete rebuild browser from scratch (summer 2026)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Plugins</td>
<td>Block Origin, Privacy Badger etc.</td>
<td>Useful firefox/chromium extension for increased security</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Productivity</strong></td>
<td>Microsoft Office</td>
<td>LibreOffice</td>
<td>Full office suite, document compatibility</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Notion</td>
<td>Logseq</td>
<td>Local-first knowledge graphs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Slack</td>
<td>Mattermost</td>
<td>Self-hosted team communication</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Video Conferencing</strong></td>
<td>MS Teams, Zoom</td>
<td>Jitsi Meet</td>
<td>Self-hostable, browser-based meetings</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="your-liberation-toolkit-continued">Your Liberation Toolkit (continued)</h1>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Category</th>
<th>Proprietary Tool</th>
<th>FOSS Alternative</th>
<th>Implementation Notes</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Cloud &amp; Storage</strong></td>
<td>Google Drive</td>
<td>Nextcloud</td>
<td>Complete cloud replacement</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Google Photos</td>
<td>Immich</td>
<td>Self-hosted photo management</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>Dropbox</td>
<td>Syncthing</td>
<td>P2P file synchronization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Media</strong></td>
<td>YouTube</td>
<td>PeerTube</td>
<td>Federated video hosting</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>NewPipe</td>
<td>Android app, no Google Services needed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Email</strong></td>
<td>Gmail</td>
<td>Proton Mail</td>
<td>Swiss privacy laws protection</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Mobile OS</strong></td>
<td>Android (Google)</td>
<td>GrapheneOS</td>
<td>Pixel devices only, maximum security</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>LineageOS</td>
<td>Wider device support</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Desktop OS</strong></td>
<td>MS Windows</td>
<td>GNU/Linux</td>
<td>Hundreds of different distributions like Ubuntu, Arch etc.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td>macOS</td>
<td>Asahi Linux</td>
<td>Apple Silicon Macs, experimental support</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="implementation-strategy">Implementation Strategy</h1>
<p><strong>Phase 1 - Low Risk:</strong><br />
Communication tools, Browser, Search, Office suite</p>
<p><strong>Phase 2 - Productivity:</strong><br />
Operating system, Cloud storage, Email communication</p>
<p><strong>Phase 3 - Infrastructure (our goal today):</strong><br />
Cloud storage, Self-hosting, Complete sovereignty</p>
<p><em>For Phase 1 and 2 are hundreds of tutorials out there; I believe in you <img class="emoji" draggable="false" alt="❤️" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jdecked/twemoji@16.0.1/assets/svg/2764.svg" data-marp-twemoji=""/></em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="workshop-implementation-guide">Workshop Implementation Guide</h1>
<p><strong>Today's Focus:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>GNU/Linux hands-on exploration</li>
<li>First terminal commands</li>
<li>Building your personal migration roadmap</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Take Home:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Bootable Linux USB drive</li>
<li>Curated software recommendations</li>
<li>Community connection for ongoing support</li>
</ul>
<p><em>Each participant leaves with practical next steps</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="call-to-action">Call to Action</h1>
<p><strong>Digital Independence is Democratic Necessity</strong></p>
<p>In Floridi's infosphere, our digital choices are political choices.</p>
<p><strong>Today's Workshop</strong>: Hands-on GNU/Linux exploration<br />
<strong>Your Mission</strong>: Begin your liberation journey<br />
<strong>Our Goal</strong>: Build digitally sovereign communities</p>
<p><em>The future of democracy depends on who controls our information systems</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="references-13">References (1/3)</h1>
<p><strong>Core Theory:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Floridi, L. (2014). <em>The Fourth Revolution: How the infosphere is reshaping human reality</em>. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780199606726</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Digital Attacks &amp; Surveillance:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Cadwalladr, C. &amp; Graham-Harrison, E. (2018, March 17). Revealed: 50 million Facebook profiles harvested for Cambridge Analytica in major data breach. <em>The Guardian</em>. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election">https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Wells, G., Horwitz, J., &amp; Seetharaman, D. (2021, September 14). Facebook knows Instagram is toxic for teen girls, company documents show. <em>The Wall Street Journal</em>. <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739">https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Frenkel, S., Bergman, R. &amp; Saad, H. (2024, September 18). How Israel Built a Modern-Day Trojan Horse: Exploding Pagers. <em>The New York Times</em>. <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/18/world/middleeast/israel-exploding-pagers-hezbollah.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/18/world/middleeast/israel-exploding-pagers-hezbollah.html</a></li>
</ul>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="24" data-marpit-scope-RUlejyqr="" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="24" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26">
<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="references-23">References (2/3)</h1>
<p><strong>Government FOSS Success Stories:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>The Document Foundation (2024, April 4). German state moving 30,000 PCs to LibreOffice. <a href="https://blog.documentfoundation.org/blog/2024/04/04/german-state-moving-30000-pcs-to-libreoffice/">https://blog.documentfoundation.org/blog/2024/04/04/german-state-moving-30000-pcs-to-libreoffice/</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Gascó, M. (2003). New technologies and institutional change in public administration. <em>Social Science Computer Review</em>, 21(1), 6-14. [Extremadura case study]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Camara, G. &amp; Fonseca, F. (2007). Information policies and open source software in developing countries. <em>Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology</em>, 58(1), 121-132. [Brazil open standards]</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Digital Democracy Platforms:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Aragón, P., et al. (2017). Deliberative Platform Design: The Case Study of the Online Discussions in Decidim Barcelona. <em>Social Science Computer Review</em>, 39(6), 1139-1162. <a href="https://decidim.barcelona/">https://decidim.barcelona/</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>vTaiwan Project Documentation. (2023). Digital Minister of Taiwan. <a href="https://vtaiwan.tw/">https://vtaiwan.tw/</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="25" data-marpit-scope-TtRrF0xo="" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="25" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26">
<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="references-33">References (3/3)</h1>
<p><strong>Infrastructure &amp; Surveillance Systems:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Kotka, T., Vargas, C.A. &amp; Korjus, K. (2015). Estonia's blockchain-based e-Residency program. <em>Computer</em>, 48(9), 106-108. [X-Road infrastructure]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Greenwald, G. (2014). <em>No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA, and the U.S. Surveillance State</em>. Metropolitan Books. [PRISM program]</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Liang, F., et al. (2018). Constructing a datadriven society: China's social credit system as a state surveillance infrastructure. <em>Policy &amp; Internet</em>, 10(4), 415-453.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
</foreignObject></svg><svg data-marpit-svg="" viewBox="0 0 1280 720"><foreignObject width="1280" height="720"><section id="26" data-paginate="true" data-background-color="#fff" data-header="Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy" data-footer="Michał Czechowski" lang="de-DE" data-marpit-pagination="26" style="--paginate:true;--background-color:#fff;--header:Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy;--footer:Michał Czechowski;background-color:#fff;background-image:none;" data-marpit-pagination-total="26">
<header>Digital Independence Day - Reclaiming Our Digital Autonomy</header>
<h1 id="questions--discussion">Questions &amp; Discussion</h1>
<p><strong>Additional Resources:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Open Source Alternative Directory: <a href="https://www.opensourcealternative.to/">https://www.opensourcealternative.to/</a></li>
<li>OSS Malta Community: <a href="https://ossmalta.eu/">https://ossmalta.eu/</a></li>
<li>Presentation Materials: <a href="https://dailysh.it/malta">https://dailysh.it/malta</a></li>
<li>Contact: <a href="mailto:malta@dailysh.it">malta@dailysh.it</a></li>
</ul>
<p><em>&quot;The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago. The second best time is now.&quot;</em><br />
<em>- Chinese Proverb</em></p>
<footer>Michał Czechowski</footer>
</section>
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</script></foreignObject></svg></div><div class="bespoke-marp-note" data-index="2" tabindex="0"><p>A class action lawsuit is a legal case where one or more people sue on behalf of a large group, or &quot;class,&quot; of others who have suffered similar harm from the same defendant.</p></div><div class="bespoke-marp-note" data-index="4" tabindex="0"><p>Original thought: democracy minus (some) freedom - but we mean democratic control over technology, not corporate freedom</p></div><div class="bespoke-marp-note" data-index="6" tabindex="0"><p>Floridi, &quot;The Fourth Revolution: How the Infosphere is Reshaping Human Reality&quot; - this is the foundational argument for why digital autonomy matters existentially</p></div><div class="bespoke-marp-note" data-index="11" tabindex="0"><p>Additional examples: NSA PRISM program, Chinese social credit system, Russian election interference, facial recognition deployment</p></div><div class="bespoke-marp-note" data-index="13" tabindex="0"><p>Additional: Barcelona's decidim platform, Estonia's X-Road infrastructure, Taiwan's vTaiwan digital democracy</p></div><div class="bespoke-marp-note" data-index="18" tabindex="0"><p>Full table available in presentation notes with password managers, maps, video conferencing, etc.</p></div><div class="bespoke-marp-note" data-index="22" tabindex="0"><p>https://web.archive.org/web/20220831224342/https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739</p><p>https://web.archive.org/web/20250912012501/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/18/world/middleeast/israel-exploding-pagers-hezbollah.html</p></div><script>/*!! License: https://unpkg.com/@marp-team/marp-cli@4.2.3/lib/bespoke.js.LICENSE.txt */
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