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Author SHA1 Message Date
libretech 67857b9bfd a11y vertiefung: keyboard-demo, input-devices, mdn-links vereinheitlicht 2026-04-21 20:58:52 +02:00
libretech cedda338df double qr overlay size on wave slide 2026-04-21 19:43:11 +02:00
libretech bfe7f3576a add inverted wave qr overlay on tab-order slide 2026-04-21 19:35:19 +02:00
libretech 6b21b45e01 shrink mdn reference urls to compact text links 2026-04-20 18:26:50 +02:00
libretech aeaeed6867 wave-tab-order as standalone full-bleed slide 2026-04-20 18:24:14 +02:00
libretech 72b7d51af9 add contrast-levels demo, wave-tab-order image, link a11y tools, mark axe as paid/pro 2026-04-20 18:22:42 +02:00
libretech bd5d7f0028 disable klausurfolien and klausurfragen cards on index (still being reworked) 2026-04-20 13:35:08 +02:00
libretech b6334035fc add js basics demos: console, arrays, objects, loops 2026-04-20 13:25:09 +02:00
libretech 7626852ac1 add js demos for chapter 3: manipulate, classlist, create, events, preventdefault, todo, fetch, localstorage 2026-04-20 13:14:56 +02:00
libretech 754ff9436c add dark mode js demo on chapter 3 slide 2026-04-20 12:54:52 +02:00
libretech 0367f07166 fix broken dns tree and port connector, full-bleed handshake and dns-lookup slides, siezen in all demos, first-letter sizing 2026-04-20 12:06:04 +02:00
libretech c45ddc779c replace arp dialog with visual, inline first-hop arrow 2026-04-20 11:52:13 +02:00
libretech 5b7170e5f4 remove stray handshake png from repo root 2026-04-20 11:48:06 +02:00
libretech cbebc1a6f7 remove klausur class from chapter 2, siezen students, add server-decap demo, hide header/footer on oversized slides 2026-04-20 11:47:55 +02:00
libretech 8ed7796968 replace ascii trees: dns hierarchy, dom structure 2026-04-20 11:38:28 +02:00
libretech 5d4d167cbd replace ascii: encap layers, timeline, dns lookup sequence, hop chain 2026-04-20 11:34:56 +02:00
libretech 6c8688c9f6 replace ascii arrows: network chain, port highlight, client/server, encap/decap, response hops 2026-04-20 11:27:28 +02:00
libretech 54ba08cdbc mark css einheiten slide as klausur 2026-04-20 11:11:57 +02:00
libretech 777e0ffddb replace ascii encapsulation diagrams: tcp, ip, ethernet, router re-hop 2026-04-20 11:10:47 +02:00
libretech 76f7ff3a46 replace ascii osi/tcpip layer diagram with rendered visual 2026-04-20 11:06:16 +02:00
libretech b3c0994b7e replace ascii box-model with diagram, expand explanation 2026-04-20 10:59:00 +02:00
libretech fb361a2854 add css demos for 223015c chapter 2: selectors, specificity, box-model, colors, pseudo, responsive 2026-04-20 10:53:11 +02:00
libretech a2934f1327 add html/css demos for 223015c chapter 1: html basics, widgets, a11y 2026-04-20 10:44:12 +02:00
libretech 558d0e5ecd update 223015c chapter 1: wording, formatting, gendering 2026-04-20 10:27:06 +02:00
libretech 6aba40e128 rename materials wtf1-3 to hex1-3 and add hex4, hex5 2026-04-17 12:37:12 +02:00
libretech f6d9992a2c add grayscale gradient svg and zoom slide
- replace grayscale-gradient.png with svg (256 discrete rects)
- add grayscale-zoom.svg: 16 brightest shades with decimal + hex labels
- add zoom slide after '256 shades of gray'
- minor tweaks: Mbps capitalization, remove redundant '256' prefix in states list
2026-04-17 12:37:09 +02:00
libretech 3e7fdf5dfc fix order 2026-04-17 03:34:01 +02:00
libretech 85ff73774c fix questions 2026-04-17 02:57:54 +02:00
libretech e5e7d80050 update 223015b chapter 1: step-by-step reveals, content tweaks
- split 'ein konkretes beispiel' into 5 progressive reveal slides
- add lead slide 'das problem der datengröße oder knappen speichers'
- add samplerate.webp background to 'zurück zu analog' slides
- rework bandbreite slide: klausur class, clearer mbit/s vs mb/s framing
- update 'was sind daten': hausarbeit, 3d-rendering examples
- add matrix red/blue pill to das bit slide
- replace dvd.jpg with kubrick.jpg for video eskaliert slide
- minor wording fixes (mögliche zustände, mbps notation)
2026-04-17 01:42:38 +02:00
libretech 8c2f388c7f update 223015b chapter 1: remove unused slides, fix erklaerung comment, reorder hex slide content
- remove placeholder todo slides and compression-types image slide
- remove hex-dec-lookup-table slide
- remove dateneinheiten-vertiefung erklaerung slide
- fix broken erklaerung comment block in kompression-vertiefung
- reorder hexadezimal slide: nibble definition before ascii table link
2026-04-17 00:44:29 +02:00
libretech 1bbe41b6fc update 223015b chapter 1: new assets, slide edits, asset cleanup
- add druckwelle.png, samplerate.webp, kubrick.jpg, morpheus.jpg
- remove Red-Pill-Blue-Pill-in-Matrix.jpg
- update slide content
2026-04-16 22:18:15 +02:00
libretech fde51856ce fix 223015b chapter 1: marp fragment pattern for druckwelle + zurück zu analog
- split 'schall ist eine druckwelle' into two slides: * fragments
  then full reveal + vinyl line
- split 'zurück zu analog' into two slides: * fragments for dac
  chain then full reveal + conclusion
- apply duplicate-slide reveal pattern consistently
2026-04-16 21:55:00 +02:00
libretech 8935f31091 rework 223015b chapter 1: analog/digital narrative arc
replace flat analog-vs-digital slide and sampling overview with
four-slide narrative: schallwelle → abtastung → digitales ergebnis
→ zurück zu analog (dac). builds a causal chain from sound wave
through digitization back to playback.
2026-04-16 18:29:41 +02:00
libretech 81156284ac update 223015b chapter 1: new slides, speaker notes, abbreviation fixes
- add download/upload speed slides with ADSL/FTTH context
- add quiz slide (250 Mbit/s → MB/min)
- add analog vs. digital and sampling slides
- add cd-audio vertiefung (erklaerung slide)
- expand "was sind daten?" with content
- expand speaker notes with sources and terminology (DE/EN)
- resolve all abbreviations in speaker notes: FTTH, ITU, NTSC, PAL, NHK, IEC
- fix typo: "eie" → "eine" binärdatei
- fix spelling: "spektrogram" → "spektrogramm"
- update zettabyte example and 181 ZB as projection not fact
2026-04-16 18:10:00 +02:00
libretech 7dd46de5d9 WIP: dateiformate rework 2026-04-16 11:20:08 +02:00
libretech 7d8e9f596c add diday and palantir slides to 223015c chapter 1 2026-04-10 09:18:58 +02:00
libretech ef0a55db77 update 223015c chapter 1: new hex table, zahlensysteme slide, fix byte to 42 2026-04-10 09:18:44 +02:00
libretech ceb5f89320 update 223015b chapter 1: add floridi source to speaker notes, fix artemis slide 2026-04-10 09:18:37 +02:00
libretech a18afde2db update 223015b intro: fix umfrage wording, remove suggestive question 2026-04-10 09:18:30 +02:00
libretech 38563e2142 fix growth-of-big-data image: rename to remove spaces, hide footer 2026-04-10 01:29:16 +02:00
libretech aeb0adada9 update 223015b chapter 1: add images, artemis slide, fix hex table
- add cd logo, cd player, dvd, artemis images
- add artemis ii slide with apollo comparison and bandwidth calculation
- regenerate hex-dec lookup table as 16x16 grid with ascii highlight
- move hex-dec table next to hexadezimal slides
- fix mp3 bitrate: 320 -> 128 kbps to match stated file size
2026-04-10 01:10:26 +02:00
libretech e58dacd98c rework 223015b intro: cleaner structure, new umfrage, consolidate slides
- update über mich (full name, proper title)
- remove ama/jung-naiv slides
- new course-specific umfrage questions with speaker notes
- consolidate warum/ziel/kompetenzen into two slides
- chapter-based kursübersicht, klausur-styled prüfungsleistung
2026-04-10 01:10:17 +02:00
libretech edc9225ccf add assembler and fortran slides to 223015c chapter 1
- assembler (1947): kathleen booth, mnemonics, rollercoaster tycoon
- fortran (1957): john backus, lois haibt, formula translator
- detailed speaker notes with biographical and technical context
2026-04-09 22:11:11 +02:00
libretech 5b94593d94 update 223015b klausurfolien: endnutzer -> endnutzerInnen 2026-04-09 22:11:04 +02:00
libretech 3bd6d7b459 update 223015b chapter 1: content fixes, expand speaker notes with abbreviations
- endnutzer -> endnutzerInnen, fix lossy reversibility wording
- add tar to deflate examples, reword shannon-limit
- expand kompression-vertiefung speaker notes: lz77/lz78/deflate/tar explained
- resolve all abbreviations in speaker notes (cmyk, rgb, css, html, http,
  smtp, url, cjk, utf-8, si, iec, iot, lto, ssd, hdd, ecc, raid, vhs,
  fft, jpeg, aac, riaa, foss, iis, rle)
- minor slide fixes: hex examples, byte value, wording improvements
2026-04-09 22:10:59 +02:00
libretech c57db78c52 rework dev server: hmr for all courses, per-course targets, root index
- make dev serves all courses on port 1312 with marp live reload
- make dev-b/dev-c for single course on 1313/1314
- dev-kill only kills specific ports instead of all marp processes
- add generate-root-index.sh for prod build overview page
- cleanup function uses exec + trap instead of pid files
2026-04-09 22:10:48 +02:00
libretech c1277cc737 update 223015c chapter 1: add mosaic browser image, remove duplicate speaker notes 2026-03-27 09:46:56 +01:00
libretech fd8b107643 add 00-intro for 223015c, update chapter 1 speaker notes and five eyes
- new intro deck for 223015c with adapted content, colors, and assets
- chapter 1: expanded sputnik/kalter krieg speaker notes, five eyes on unterseekabel slide
- bits/bytes table: added factor 8 conversion, removed 1tb slide
2026-03-27 09:41:29 +01:00
libretech 3a2e1a8d15 rework 223015c chapter 1: reorder history, improve slides, fix terminology
- kursübersicht: themen -> kapitel, format-zeile entfernt, vor kapitel 1 verschoben
- teil 1/2/3 prefixes entfernt, section titles vereinfacht
- von-neumann-architektur: konzeptfolie überarbeitet, klausur-titel ergänzt, redundante zeile entfernt
- folien-reihenfolge: von-neumann direkt nach eniac, lektionen für heute ans ende
- slide 34 (kalter krieg): inhalt erweitert, sputnik-schock speaker notes ergänzt
- bits/bytes-tabelle: faktor 8 zwischen bit und byte ergänzt
- 1tb-festplatte folie entfernt
- unterseekabel: bild hinzugefügt, five eyes ergänzt, text verbessert
2026-03-26 19:02:31 +01:00
libretech ac89d69365 update claude.md: add git checkout restriction, simplify nix section 2026-03-26 18:17:23 +01:00
libretech 552949811e rework 223015c chapter 1: improve formatting, speaker notes, remove redundant slides 2026-03-26 18:17:16 +01:00
libretech 030bb322a2 update semester to sommersemester 2026 across all courses 2026-03-26 18:17:09 +01:00
libretech 9631a1c45b simplify flake.nix: remove redundant scripts and claude-code, bump to node 22 2026-03-26 18:17:01 +01:00
libretech 4245ea2567 add essay questions across all blocks in 223015c
- A4: von-neumann komponenten (disabled)
- B7a: IP/MAC/Port vergleichen
- B13a: TCP vs UDP vergleichen
- C9a: status codes 2xx/4xx/5xx erklären
- C9b: HTTP-methoden vergleichen (disabled)
- D5: encapsulation erklären (disabled)
- E3: gesamtablauf DNS/TCP/HTTP
- H2a: einschränkungstypen erklären
2026-02-02 21:12:48 +01:00
libretech 51146d3dfc add more essay questions to 223015b (all disabled)
- J25: redundanz vs irrelevanz
- K12: rasterisierung vs vektorisierung
- L12: warum 8x8 blöcke bei JPEG
- N9: container vs codec transfer
2026-02-02 21:10:47 +01:00
libretech fda4aca4c7 add essay questions across all blocks in 223015b
- J23-J24: distribution comparison, analog vs digital
- K10-K11: image types, color depth (disabled)
- L10-L11: JPEG pipeline, artifacts (L11 disabled)
- M7-M8: image format comparison, GIF alternatives (M8 disabled)
- N7-N8: frame types, video codec comparison (N8 disabled)
- O14-O15: storage tech comparison, backup strategies (O15 disabled)
2026-02-02 20:51:46 +01:00
libretech aff352fa91 add questions for analog/digital media and storage types in 223015b
- J15-J22: analog/digital media, distribution methods, generationsverlust
- O9-O13: storage media categories, cloud, LTO
- some questions disabled for later use
2026-02-02 20:38:48 +01:00
libretech ea7e905c61 split klausurfragen into per-course files and add erklaerung slides to 223015c
- split slides/klausurfragen.md into course-specific files:
  - slides/223015b/klausurfragen.md (blocks J-O: dateiformate)
  - slides/223015c/klausurfragen.md (blocks A-I: it-grundlagen)
- add erklaerung slides to 223015c (16 new vertiefung slides)
- update erklaerung slides in 223015b with deeper content
- update makefile to build klausurfragen per-course
- remove global klausurfragen from root index
2026-02-02 19:06:37 +01:00
libretech 512fbd9d3d add erklaerung slides to 223015b course files
- add erklaerung css class and 6 explanation slides to 01-grundlagen-text-audio.md
- add erklaerung css class and 9 explanation slides to 02-bild-audio-video.md
- add erklaerung css class and 2 explanation slides to 03-speichermedien-schnittstellen.md
- regenerate klausurfolien.md with updated content
2026-02-02 14:25:04 +01:00
libretech f9185d25e0 add functionality to disable topics in course index and improve layout 2026-02-02 02:28:06 +01:00
libretech 4f3b680951 add build and deploy targets for klausurfragen 2026-02-02 01:20:33 +01:00
libretech a2b1c0484a update klausurfragen.md to improve visibility and clarify title 2026-02-02 01:13:31 +01:00
libretech 1480d31a54 refactor klausurfragen.md to use gender-neutral language and improve clarity 2026-02-01 22:38:14 +01:00
libretech 514896db33 update flake.nix to allow unfree packages and add claude-code dependency 2026-02-01 22:38:02 +01:00
libretech b21e2394d5 fix layout and add disabled state for slides 2026-02-01 22:27:26 +01:00
libretech 7da018d92c add klausurfragen for 223015c 2026-02-01 18:21:01 +01:00
libretech 9e12447528 rebuild dev and build system with single marp server
- simplify development: single marp server on port 3000 instead of 3 processes
- rename klausur to klausurfolien for better naming
- update extract script to use 00-intro.md as template when no 01-*.md exists
- update makefile and package.json for new workflow
- add comprehensive AGENTS.md guidelines
2026-02-01 18:17:51 +01:00
222 changed files with 10380 additions and 1797 deletions

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@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
build/ build/
*.pdf *.pdf
*.html *.html
!slides/*/assets/demos/**/*.html
.dev-index/ .dev-index/
# Dependencies # Dependencies
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# AGENTS.md - Agent Guidelines for HdM Slides
This file contains comprehensive guidelines for agentic coding agents working on the HdM Slides project.
## Project Overview
This project builds presentation decks for Marp, supporting multiple courses:
- **223015b** - Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien (6 Kapitel)
- **223015c** - Internettechnologien (3 Kapitel)
## Development Workflow
### Build Commands
```bash
# Development
make dev # Start single dev server on port 3000
npm run dev # Alternative command for development server
# Build
make build # Build all courses (HTML + PDF)
make build-b # Build 223015b only
make build-c # Build 223015c only
make html # HTML only builds
make pdf # PDF only builds
# Klausur Folien
make klausur # Extract klausurfolien for all courses
make klausur-b # Extract klausurfolien for 223015b
make klausur-c # Extract klausurfolien for 223015c
# Deployment
make deploy # Deploy all courses (requires explicit permission)
make deploy-b # Deploy 223015b only
make deploy-c # Deploy 223015c only
# Utilities
make qr URL=... # Generate QR code
make optimize-images COURSE=223015b # Resize images
make clean # Remove generated files
```
### Testing
No specific test framework is used. To validate changes:
1. Start dev server: `make dev`
2. Open http://localhost:3000/223015b/ or /223015c/
3. Verify slides render correctly
4. Run `make build` to ensure no build errors
5. Check generated files in `build/` directory
## Code Style Guidelines
### File Structure
- Slides in `slides/<course>/` following naming pattern `NN-topic.md`
- Assets in `slides/<course>/assets/`
- Always reference images as `./assets/filename.png`
- Scripts in `scripts/`
- Themes in `themes/`
- Generated output in `build/` (gitignored)
### Naming Conventions
- Slide files: `NN-topic.md` (e.g., `01-grundlagen.md`, `02-bilder.md`)
- Images: `snake_case.jpg` or `kebab-case.jpg`
- Klausur files: `klausurfolien.md` (auto-generated)
- Function names in scripts: `snake_case`
- Variable names in scripts: `snake_case`
### Markdown Style
- Use ATX-style headers (`# ## ###`)
- YAML frontmatter for slide metadata at top of each file
- Never include a final `---` (creates empty slide)
- Use `<!-- _class: klausur -->` for exam-relevant slides
- Use relative paths for assets: `./assets/image.png`
### Script Style
- Use `#!/usr/bin/env bash` shebang
- Use `set -e` for error handling
- Use `2>/dev/null || true` for optional operations
- Define variables in UPPER_CASE at script top
- Use colors for terminal output: `\033[0;32m` etc.
### Git Workflow
- Commit messages: ALWAYS lowercase
- NEVER add co-authoring lines or generated footers
- Follow semantic naming: "add-...", "fix-...", "update-..."
- Commit changes to scripts, Makefile, documentation separately from slide content
## Agent Restrictions
### Security
- NEVER run commands outside `/home/mwc/Coding/hdm` folder
- NEVER run build/deploy commands without explicit user request
- NEVER run deploy commands (make deploy, scp, etc.) without explicit permission
### File Protection
Slide files in `slides/*/*.md` are main content files:
- **ALLOWED**: Adding slides, adjusting content, fixing typos, enhancing sections
- **FORBIDDEN** (without permission): Deleting slides, removing sections, bulk deletions
- Before ANY deletion: ALWAYS ask user for confirmation
### Klausur Handling
- Klausur files (`klausurfolien.md`) are auto-generated
- NEVER edit klausurfolien.md files directly
- To update klausurfolien: edit source slides with `<!-- _class: klausur -->` markers
- Run `make klausur` to regenerate
## Development Patterns
### Adding New Slides
1. Create new file following `NN-topic.md` pattern
2. Copy frontmatter from existing slides in the same course
3. Update Makefile `_KAPITEL` variable if needed
4. Test with `make dev`
### Modifying Existing Slides
1. Edit the appropriate markdown file in `slides/<course>/`
2. Maintain consistent styling with course theme
3. Preserve image paths as `./assets/...`
4. Test changes with dev server
### Working with Assets
1. Place images in `slides/<course>/assets/`
2. Use descriptive names: `diagram-network.jpg`, `example-code.png`
3. Optimize with `make optimize-images COURSE=223015b`
4. Reference as `./assets/filename.ext`
### Course-Specific Configuration
Each course has specific settings in Makefile:
- Course name and title
- Kapitel list (slide files)
- Deploy path
- Theme colors (in generate-index.sh)
## Common Tasks
### Debugging Build Issues
1. Check Makefile syntax: `make -n build`
2. Verify Marp CLI installation: `npx @marp-team/marp-cli --version`
3. Check file permissions: `ls -la slides/`
4. Validate markdown syntax with dev server
### Updating Course Structure
1. Update `_KAPITEL` variables in Makefile
2. Ensure slide files follow naming convention
3. Update course-specific themes if needed
4. Test both dev and build processes
### Working with Themes
- Custom theme in `themes/custom-theme.css`
- Course themes defined in individual slide frontmatter
- Use consistent color schemes per course
- Test theme changes across all slides
## Deployment Process
Deployment to production server requires explicit permission:
1. Build process: `make build` (HTML + PDF)
2. Index generation: automatically handled
3. Deploy to remote server via SCP
4. Root index deployment
**IMPORTANT**: Never run deployment commands without explicit user permission.
## Tools and Dependencies
### Core Dependencies
- Marp CLI for slide rendering
- Bash scripts for automation
- Make for build orchestration
- Git for version control
### Optional Tools
- qrencode for QR generation (via nix)
- ImageMagick for image optimization
- Python 3 for simple HTTP server (legacy)
## Testing Strategy
Since there's no formal test suite:
1. Manual testing with dev server
2. Build process validation
3. Slide rendering checks
4. Asset path verification
5. Cross-browser compatibility checks (important)
## Troubleshooting
### Common Issues
- **Port conflicts**: Use `make dev-kill` to clean up processes
- **Build failures**: Check file permissions and Marp CLI installation
- **Asset loading**: Verify relative paths and file existence
- **Deploy issues**: Check SSH keys and remote permissions
### Getting Help
1. Check this AGENTS.md file first
2. Review Makefile targets and scripts
3. Test changes incrementally
4. Maintain backup of working configurations
+5 -6
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@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ This project builds presentation decks for Marp, supporting multiple courses.
- Agent NEVER runs commands outside this folder - Agent NEVER runs commands outside this folder
- Agent NEVER runs build/deploy commands without explicit user request - Agent NEVER runs build/deploy commands without explicit user request
- Agent NEVER runs deploy commands (make deploy, scp, etc.) without explicit user permission - Agent NEVER runs deploy commands (make deploy, scp, etc.) without explicit user permission
- Agent NEVER runs `git checkout --` or `git restore` on files with uncommitted work. To undo specific changes, use targeted Edit operations instead.
## Critical File Protection ## Critical File Protection
@@ -34,8 +35,9 @@ build/ # Generated output (gitignored)
## Build Commands ## Build Commands
```bash ```bash
make dev-b # Dev server 223015b (port 1311) make dev # Marp live server all courses (port 1312, HMR)
make dev-c # Dev server 223015c (port 1312) make dev-b # Marp live server 223015b (port 1313, HMR)
make dev-c # Marp live server 223015c (port 1314, HMR)
make build # Build all courses make build # Build all courses
make build-b # Build 223015b only make build-b # Build 223015b only
make build-c # Build 223015c only make build-c # Build 223015c only
@@ -48,10 +50,7 @@ make deploy # Deploy all (ASK FIRST!)
## Nix Flake Commands ## Nix Flake Commands
```bash ```bash
nix develop # Dev shell with all tools nix develop # Dev shell with all tools (node 22, npm, make)
nix run .#qr -- "https://example.com" # Generate QR code
nix run .#qr-slides -- 223015b # QR for course
nix run .#optimize-img -- <path> # Optimize images
``` ```
## Code Style Guidelines ## Code Style Guidelines
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@@ -7,19 +7,13 @@
COURSES = 223015b 223015c COURSES = 223015b 223015c
SLIDES_DIR = slides SLIDES_DIR = slides
# Port configuration (index starts at BASE_PORT, courses increment from there)
BASE_PORT = 1310
INDEX_PORT = $(BASE_PORT)
# Course-specific settings # Course-specific settings
223015b_NAME = Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien 223015b_NAME = Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien
223015b_PORT = 1311 223015b_KAPITEL = 00-intro 01-grundlagen-text-audio 02-bild-audio-video 03-speichermedien-schnittstellen 04-distribution-apis-zukunft 05-vertiefung-offene-fragen klausurfolien klausurfragen
223015b_KAPITEL = 00-intro 01-grundlagen-text-audio 02-bild-audio-video 03-speichermedien-schnittstellen 04-distribution-apis-zukunft 05-vertiefung-offene-fragen klausur
223015b_DEPLOY_PATH = /home/tengo/html/hdm/223015b 223015b_DEPLOY_PATH = /home/tengo/html/hdm/223015b
223015c_NAME = Internettechnologien 223015c_NAME = Internettechnologien
223015c_PORT = 1312 223015c_KAPITEL = 01-geschichte-grundlagen-html 02-netzwerke-protokolle-css 03-interaktivitaet-javascript klausurfolien klausurfragen
223015c_KAPITEL = 01-geschichte-grundlagen-html 02-netzwerke-protokolle-css 03-interaktivitaet-javascript klausur
223015c_DEPLOY_PATH = /home/tengo/html/hdm/223015c 223015c_DEPLOY_PATH = /home/tengo/html/hdm/223015c
DEPLOY_HOST = tengo@tuttle.uberspace.de DEPLOY_HOST = tengo@tuttle.uberspace.de
@@ -33,9 +27,9 @@ help:
@echo " 223015c - Internettechnologien" @echo " 223015c - Internettechnologien"
@echo "" @echo ""
@echo "Development:" @echo "Development:"
@echo " make dev - Both servers + index (ports 1311, 1312, 1313)" @echo " make dev - Marp live server all courses (port 1312, HMR)"
@echo " make dev-b - Dev server for 223015b (port 1312)" @echo " make dev-b - Marp live server 223015b (port 1313, HMR)"
@echo " make dev-c - Dev server for 223015c (port 1313)" @echo " make dev-c - Marp live server 223015c (port 1314, HMR)"
@echo "" @echo ""
@echo "Build:" @echo "Build:"
@echo " make build - Build all courses" @echo " make build - Build all courses"
@@ -43,7 +37,7 @@ help:
@echo " make build-c - Build 223015c only" @echo " make build-c - Build 223015c only"
@echo " make pdf - Export all to PDF" @echo " make pdf - Export all to PDF"
@echo " make html - Export all to HTML" @echo " make html - Export all to HTML"
@echo " make klausur - Extract klausur slides" @echo " make klausur - Extract klausurfolien slides"
@echo "" @echo ""
@echo "Tools:" @echo "Tools:"
@echo " make qr URL=... - Generate QR code for URL" @echo " make qr URL=... - Generate QR code for URL"
@@ -63,24 +57,20 @@ build/.exists:
@mkdir -p build/223015b build/223015c @mkdir -p build/223015b build/223015c
@touch $@ @touch $@
# Development servers # Development server (Marp live server with HMR)
dev: dev:
@./scripts/dev-server.sh @./scripts/dev-server.sh
dev-kill:
@-pkill -f "python3 -m http.server" 2>/dev/null || true
@-pkill -f "marp-cli.*--server" 2>/dev/null || true
@sleep 0.5
dev-b: dev-b:
@echo "Starting 223015b dev server on port $(223015b_PORT)..." @./scripts/dev-server.sh 223015b 1313
@echo "Open: http://localhost:$(223015b_PORT)"
PORT=$(223015b_PORT) npx @marp-team/marp-cli --server $(SLIDES_DIR)/223015b/
dev-c: dev-c:
@echo "Starting 223015c dev server on port $(223015c_PORT)..." @./scripts/dev-server.sh 223015c 1314
@echo "Open: http://localhost:$(223015c_PORT)"
PORT=$(223015c_PORT) npx @marp-team/marp-cli --server $(SLIDES_DIR)/223015c/ dev-kill:
@-fuser -k 1312/tcp 2>/dev/null || true
@-fuser -k 1313/tcp 2>/dev/null || true
@-fuser -k 1314/tcp 2>/dev/null || true
# Build functions # Build functions
define build_course define build_course
@@ -158,7 +148,7 @@ klausur-c:
@./scripts/extract-klausur.sh 223015c @./scripts/extract-klausur.sh 223015c
klausur: klausur-b klausur-c klausur: klausur-b klausur-c
@echo "Klausur slides extracted for all courses!" @echo "Klausurfolien slides extracted for all courses!"
# QR Code generation (uses nix-shell) # QR Code generation (uses nix-shell)
qr: qr:
@@ -198,7 +188,8 @@ HDM_DEPLOY_PATH = /home/tengo/html/hdm
build-index: build/.exists build-index: build/.exists
@echo "Building root index..." @echo "Building root index..."
@echo '<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="de"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><title>HdM Vorlesungen</title><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}body{font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"SF Pro Display","Segoe UI",Roboto,sans-serif;max-width:720px;margin:0 auto;padding:3rem 1.5rem;background:#fafafa;color:#1d1d1f;line-height:1.5}h1{font-size:2rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:.5rem}.subtitle{color:#86868b;font-size:1rem}.courses{margin-top:2rem;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.75rem}a.course{display:block;background:#fff;border-radius:12px;padding:1.5rem;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);transition:all .2s ease;cursor:pointer}a.course:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.12)}.course-label{font-size:.7rem;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em}.course-b .course-label{color:#1e5f8a}.course-c .course-label{color:#d63384}.course-title{font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:500;color:#1d1d1f;margin:.25rem 0}.course-info{font-size:.85rem;color:#86868b}.section-title{font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;color:#86868b;margin-top:2.5rem;margin-bottom:.75rem}.references{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.75rem}footer{margin-top:2.5rem;padding-top:1.5rem;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e7;color:#86868b;font-size:.85rem}footer a{color:#1d1d1f;text-decoration:none}footer a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.qr-section{margin-top:2.5rem;padding:1.5rem;background:#fff;border-radius:12px;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);text-align:center}.qr-code{width:100%;height:auto}.qr-url{margin-top:.75rem;font-size:.85rem;color:#86868b}</style></head><body><h1>HdM Vorlesungen</h1><p class="subtitle">Wintersemester 2025/26 · Michael Czechowski</p><div class="courses"><a class="course course-b" href="223015b/"><span class="course-label">223015b</span><div class="course-title">Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege</div><span class="course-info">6 Kapitel · Modul "Technik 1"</span></a><a class="course course-c" href="223015c/"><span class="course-label">223015c</span><div class="course-title">Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik</div><span class="course-info">3 Kapitel · Modul "Technik 1"</span></a></div><h2 class="section-title">Referenzen</h2><div class="references"><a class="course" href="https://codecrispi.es/"><span class="course-label">Plattform</span><div class="course-title">Code Crispies</div><span class="course-info">Selbstlernplattform</span></a></div><div class="qr-section"><img src="qr-root.svg" alt="QR Code" class="qr-code"><p class="qr-url">https://librete.ch/hdm/</p></div><footer><a href="mailto:mail@librete.ch">Kontakt</a></footer></body></html>' > build/index.html @mkdir -p build
@./scripts/generate-root-index.sh
# Deploy # Deploy
define deploy_course define deploy_course
+8 -6
View File
@@ -27,10 +27,12 @@ build/ # Generated output (gitignored)
## Development ## Development
```bash ```bash
# Start dev servers (hot reload) # Start development server (hot reload)
make dev # All courses + index make dev # Single server for all courses (port 3000)
make dev-b # 223015b only (port 1311)
make dev-c # 223015c only (port 1312) # Access individual courses:
# 223015b: http://localhost:3000/223015b/
# 223015c: http://localhost:3000/223015c/
``` ```
## Build ## Build
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ make html # HTML only
make pdf # PDF only make pdf # PDF only
``` ```
## Klausur Slides ## Klausur Folien
Extract exam-relevant slides (marked with `<!-- _class: klausur -->`) into a single file: Extract exam-relevant slides (marked with `<!-- _class: klausur -->`) into a single file:
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ make klausur-b # 223015b only
make klausur-c # 223015c only make klausur-c # 223015c only
``` ```
Output: `slides/<course>/klausur.md` Output: `slides/<course>/klausurfolien.md`
The generated file includes: The generated file includes:
- A title slide per kapitel for orientation - A title slide per kapitel for orientation
+4 -99
View File
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
{ {
description = "HdM Slides - Marp presentation builder with tools"; description = "HdM Slides - Marp presentation builder";
inputs = { inputs = {
nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable"; nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
@@ -9,114 +9,19 @@
outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }: outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }:
flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system: flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
let let
pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system}; pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system; };
# QR code generator script
qr-gen = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "qr" ''
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
echo "Usage: qr <url> [output.png]"
echo ""
echo "Examples:"
echo " qr https://example.com"
echo " qr https://example.com my-qr.png"
echo " qr 'https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/' slides-qr.png"
exit 1
fi
URL="$1"
OUTPUT="''${2:-qr-code.png}"
${pkgs.qrencode}/bin/qrencode -o "$OUTPUT" -s 10 -m 2 "$URL"
echo "Generated: $OUTPUT"
'';
# QR code for course slides
qr-slides = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "qr-slides" ''
COURSE="''${1:-223015b}"
OUTPUT="''${2:-build/$COURSE/qr-$COURSE.png}"
mkdir -p "$(dirname "$OUTPUT")"
${pkgs.qrencode}/bin/qrencode -o "$OUTPUT" -s 10 -m 2 "https://librete.ch/hdm/$COURSE/"
echo "Generated QR for $COURSE: $OUTPUT"
'';
# Image optimizer script
optimize-img = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "optimize-img" ''
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
echo "Usage: optimize-img <image-or-directory> [max-width]"
echo ""
echo "Resizes images to max width (default: 1920px)"
exit 1
fi
TARGET="$1"
MAX_WIDTH="''${2:-1920}"
if [ -d "$TARGET" ]; then
for img in "$TARGET"/*.{png,jpg,jpeg,webp} 2>/dev/null; do
[ -f "$img" ] || continue
echo "Optimizing: $(basename "$img")"
${pkgs.imagemagick}/bin/magick "$img" -resize "''${MAX_WIDTH}x>" -quality 85 "$img"
done
elif [ -f "$TARGET" ]; then
echo "Optimizing: $TARGET"
${pkgs.imagemagick}/bin/magick "$TARGET" -resize "''${MAX_WIDTH}x>" -quality 85 "$TARGET"
else
echo "Error: $TARGET not found"
exit 1
fi
echo "Done!"
'';
in { in {
# Development shell with all tools
devShells.default = pkgs.mkShell { devShells.default = pkgs.mkShell {
buildInputs = with pkgs; [ buildInputs = with pkgs; [
nodejs_20 nodejs_22
nodePackages.npm nodePackages.npm
qrencode
imagemagick
gnumake gnumake
]; ];
shellHook = '' shellHook = ''
echo "HdM Slides Development Environment" echo "HdM Slides - run 'make' for available commands"
echo ""
echo "Available commands:"
echo " make dev-b - Start 223015b dev server (port 1312)"
echo " make dev-c - Start 223015c dev server (port 1313)"
echo " make build - Build all courses"
echo " qr <url> - Generate QR code"
echo " qr-slides 223015b - Generate QR for course"
echo " optimize-img <dir> - Optimize images"
echo ""
''; '';
}; };
# Standalone apps
packages = {
qr = qr-gen;
qr-slides = qr-slides;
optimize-img = optimize-img;
default = qr-gen;
};
# Direct runnable apps
apps = {
qr = {
type = "app";
program = "${qr-gen}/bin/qr";
};
qr-slides = {
type = "app";
program = "${qr-slides}/bin/qr-slides";
};
optimize-img = {
type = "app";
program = "${optimize-img}/bin/optimize-img";
};
default = self.apps.${system}.qr;
};
} }
); );
} }
+3 -2
View File
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
"version": "1.0.0", "version": "1.0.0",
"description": "HdM Stuttgart - Lecture Slides (Marp)", "description": "HdM Stuttgart - Lecture Slides (Marp)",
"scripts": { "scripts": {
"dev:b": "PORT=1312 marp --server --allow-local-files courses/223015b/slides/", "dev": "PORT=3000 marp --server --allow-local-files slides/",
"dev:c": "PORT=1313 marp --server --allow-local-files courses/223015c/slides/",
"build": "make build", "build": "make build",
"build:b": "make build-b", "build:b": "make build-b",
"build:c": "make build-c", "build:c": "make build-c",
"pdf": "make pdf", "pdf": "make pdf",
"html": "make html", "html": "make html",
"klausur": "make klausur",
"deploy": "make deploy",
"test": "echo \"No tests specified\" && exit 0" "test": "echo \"No tests specified\" && exit 0"
}, },
"keywords": ["marp", "slides", "hdm", "lectures"], "keywords": ["marp", "slides", "hdm", "lectures"],
+25 -87
View File
@@ -1,106 +1,44 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash #!/usr/bin/env bash
# Development server script for HdM slides # Development server for HdM slides
# Starts index server + marp servers for each course # Usage:
# ./dev-server.sh - Marp live server for all courses (port 1312)
# ./dev-server.sh 223015b 1313 - Marp live server for single course
# ./dev-server.sh 223015c 1314 - Marp live server for single course
set -e set -e
# Configuration # Configuration
INDEX_PORT=1310
COURSE_B_PORT=1311
COURSE_C_PORT=1312
SLIDES_DIR="slides" SLIDES_DIR="slides"
DEV_INDEX_DIR=".dev-index" COURSE="${1:-}"
DEV_PORT="${2:-1312}"
# Colors # Colors
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m' GREEN='\033[0;32m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m' BLUE='\033[0;34m'
RED='\033[0;31m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color NC='\033[0m' # No Color
# Cleanup function # Kill existing process on our port only
cleanup() { kill_port() {
echo -e "\n${RED}Shutting down servers...${NC}" fuser -k "$DEV_PORT/tcp" 2>/dev/null || true
kill $PID_INDEX $PID_B $PID_C 2>/dev/null || true sleep 0.5
exit 0
}
# Kill existing processes on our ports
kill_existing() {
echo -e "${BLUE}Cleaning up existing processes...${NC}"
# Kill marp processes first
pkill -9 -f "marp-cli" 2>/dev/null || true
pkill -f "python3 -m http.server" 2>/dev/null || true
# Kill ports including marp's WebSocket ports (37717-37720 range)
fuser -k $INDEX_PORT/tcp $COURSE_B_PORT/tcp $COURSE_C_PORT/tcp 2>/dev/null || true
fuser -k 37717/tcp 37718/tcp 37719/tcp 37720/tcp 2>/dev/null || true
sleep 2
}
# Generate dev index
generate_index() {
mkdir -p "$DEV_INDEX_DIR"
cat > "$DEV_INDEX_DIR/index.html" << 'EOF'
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<title>HdM Slides - Dev</title>
<style>
*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}
body{font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"SF Pro Display","Segoe UI",Roboto,sans-serif;max-width:720px;margin:0 auto;padding:3rem 1.5rem;background:#fafafa;color:#1d1d1f;line-height:1.5}
h1{font-size:2rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:.5rem}
.subtitle{color:#86868b;font-size:1rem}
.courses{margin-top:2rem;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.75rem}
a.course{display:block;background:#fff;border-radius:12px;padding:1.5rem;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);transition:all .2s ease;cursor:pointer}
a.course:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.12)}
.course-label{font-size:.7rem;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em}
.course-b .course-label{color:#1e5f8a}
.course-c .course-label{color:#d63384}
.course-title{font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:500;color:#1d1d1f;margin:.25rem 0}
.course-info{font-size:.85rem;color:#86868b}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>HdM Slides</h1>
<p class="subtitle">Development Server</p>
<div class="courses">
EOF
echo " <a class=\"course course-b\" href=\"http://localhost:$COURSE_B_PORT\"><span class=\"course-label\">223015b</span><div class=\"course-title\">Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege</div><span class=\"course-info\">Port $COURSE_B_PORT</span></a>" >> "$DEV_INDEX_DIR/index.html"
echo " <a class=\"course course-c\" href=\"http://localhost:$COURSE_C_PORT\"><span class=\"course-label\">223015c</span><div class=\"course-title\">Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik</div><span class=\"course-info\">Port $COURSE_C_PORT</span></a>" >> "$DEV_INDEX_DIR/index.html"
cat >> "$DEV_INDEX_DIR/index.html" << 'EOF'
</div>
</body>
</html>
EOF
} }
# Main # Main
trap cleanup SIGINT SIGTERM trap 'echo -e "\n${RED}Shutting down...${NC}"; kill 0; exit 0' SIGINT SIGTERM
kill_existing kill_port
generate_index
echo -e "${GREEN}Starting development servers...${NC}" if [ -n "$COURSE" ]; then
echo "" SERVE_DIR="$SLIDES_DIR/$COURSE"
echo -e " Index: ${BLUE}http://localhost:$INDEX_PORT${NC}" echo -e "${GREEN}Marp dev server${NC} · ${BLUE}$COURSE${NC}"
echo -e " 223015b: ${BLUE}http://localhost:$COURSE_B_PORT${NC}" else
echo -e " 223015c: ${BLUE}http://localhost:$COURSE_C_PORT${NC}" SERVE_DIR="$SLIDES_DIR"
echo "" echo -e "${GREEN}Marp dev server${NC} · ${BLUE}all courses${NC}"
echo -e "Press ${RED}Ctrl+C${NC} to stop all servers" fi
echo -e " ${BLUE}http://localhost:$DEV_PORT${NC}"
echo -e " ${BLUE}$SERVE_DIR/${NC}"
echo "" echo ""
# Start servers PORT=$DEV_PORT exec npx @marp-team/marp-cli --server "$SERVE_DIR/"
python3 -m http.server $INDEX_PORT --directory "$DEV_INDEX_DIR" &
PID_INDEX=$!
PORT=$COURSE_B_PORT npx @marp-team/marp-cli --server "$SLIDES_DIR/223015b/" &
PID_B=$!
sleep 3 # Stagger starts to avoid WebSocket port collision
PORT=$COURSE_C_PORT npx @marp-team/marp-cli --server "$SLIDES_DIR/223015c/" &
PID_C=$!
# Wait for any process to exit
wait
+6 -6
View File
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash #!/usr/bin/env bash
# Extract klausur-relevant slides from all kapitel # Extract klausur-relevant slides from all kapitel
# Usage: ./extract-klausur.sh <course_id> # Usage: ./extract-klausur.sh <course_id>
# Output: slides/<course>/klausur.md # Output: slides/<course>/klausurfolien.md
set -e set -e
COURSE="${1:-223015b}" COURSE="${1:-223015b}"
SLIDES_DIR="slides/$COURSE" SLIDES_DIR="slides/$COURSE"
OUTPUT_FILE="$SLIDES_DIR/klausur.md" OUTPUT_FILE="$SLIDES_DIR/klausurfolien.md"
# Find the first kapitel file (01-*.md) to copy styles from # Find the first kapitel file (00-intro.md or 01-*.md) to copy styles from
FIRST_KAPITEL=$(ls "$SLIDES_DIR"/01-*.md 2>/dev/null | head -1) FIRST_KAPITEL=$(ls "$SLIDES_DIR"/00-intro.md "$SLIDES_DIR"/01-*.md 2>/dev/null | head -1)
if [[ -z "$FIRST_KAPITEL" ]]; then if [[ -z "$FIRST_KAPITEL" ]]; then
echo "Error: No 01-*.md file found in $SLIDES_DIR" echo "Error: No 00-intro.md or 01-*.md file found in $SLIDES_DIR"
exit 1 exit 1
fi fi
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ awk '
' "$FIRST_KAPITEL" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE" ' "$FIRST_KAPITEL" >> "$OUTPUT_FILE"
# Process each kapitel file in order - extract klausur slides only # Process each kapitel file in order - extract klausur slides only
for md_file in $(ls "$SLIDES_DIR"/[0-9][0-9]-*.md 2>/dev/null | grep -v klausur | sort); do for md_file in $(ls "$SLIDES_DIR"/[0-9][0-9]-*.md 2>/dev/null | grep -v klausurfolien | sort); do
filename=$(basename "$md_file") filename=$(basename "$md_file")
kapitel_num=$(echo "$filename" | grep -oE '^[0-9]+' | sed 's/^0*//') kapitel_num=$(echo "$filename" | grep -oE '^[0-9]+' | sed 's/^0*//')
+124 -28
View File
@@ -42,6 +42,15 @@ TOPIC_MAP["geschichte-grundlagen-html"]="Geschichte, Grundlagen & HTML"
TOPIC_MAP["netzwerke-protokolle-css"]="Netzwerke, Protokolle & CSS" TOPIC_MAP["netzwerke-protokolle-css"]="Netzwerke, Protokolle & CSS"
TOPIC_MAP["interaktivitaet-javascript"]="Interaktivität & JavaScript" TOPIC_MAP["interaktivitaet-javascript"]="Interaktivität & JavaScript"
# Configure which topics should appear disabled per course
# Two modes: fully disabled (non-clickable card) and buttons-disabled (link remains clickable, buttons are disabled)
declare -A DISABLED_FULL
declare -A DISABLED_BUTTONS
# For course B: chapters 3,4,5 should be fully disabled
DISABLED_FULL["223015b"]="speichermedien-schnittstellen distribution-apis-zukunft vertiefung-offene-fragen"
# For course C: chapter 3 should keep link clickable but buttons disabled
DISABLED_BUTTONS["223015c"]="interaktivitaet-javascript"
cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
<!DOCTYPE html> <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de"> <html lang="de">
@@ -61,6 +70,15 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
line-height: 1.5; line-height: 1.5;
} }
header { margin-bottom: 2rem; } header { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.breadcrumb {
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.breadcrumb a {
color: #86868b;
text-decoration: none;
}
.breadcrumb a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
h1 { h1 {
font-size: 1.75rem; font-size: 1.75rem;
font-weight: 600; font-weight: 600;
@@ -68,6 +86,12 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
color: $ACCENT_COLOR; color: $ACCENT_COLOR;
} }
.course-heading {
font-size: 1.25rem;
font-weight: 500;
color: #1d1d1f;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.subtitle { .subtitle {
color: #86868b; color: #86868b;
font-size: 0.95rem; font-size: 0.95rem;
@@ -77,7 +101,8 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
font-size: 0.875rem; font-size: 0.875rem;
margin-top: 0.25rem; margin-top: 0.25rem;
} }
.kapitel { /* Use the .termine wrapper and add a gap between cards */
.termine {
margin-top: 1.5rem; margin-top: 1.5rem;
display: flex; display: flex;
flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column;
@@ -93,6 +118,7 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto;
align-items: center; align-items: center;
gap: 1rem; gap: 1rem;
padding: 0; /* inner padding handled by kapitel-link */
} }
.kapitel-card:hover { .kapitel-card:hover {
transform: translateY(-2px); transform: translateY(-2px);
@@ -105,6 +131,8 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
color: inherit; color: inherit;
grid-column: 1; grid-column: 1;
} }
/* Disabled look: dim the entire card and prevent pointer events */
.kapitel-card.disabled { opacity: 0.6; pointer-events: none; }
.kapitel-label { .kapitel-label {
font-size: 0.7rem; font-size: 0.7rem;
font-weight: 600; font-weight: 600;
@@ -135,11 +163,11 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
white-space: nowrap; white-space: nowrap;
position: relative; position: relative;
z-index: 1; z-index: 1;
margin-right: 0.5rem;
} }
.btn-slides { .btn-slides {
background: $ACCENT_COLOR; background: $ACCENT_COLOR;
color: #fff; color: #fff;
margin-right: 0.5rem;
} }
.btn-slides:hover { .btn-slides:hover {
filter: brightness(1.1); filter: brightness(1.1);
@@ -147,9 +175,9 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
.btn-pdf { .btn-pdf {
background: #f5f5f7; background: #f5f5f7;
color: #1d1d1f; color: #1d1d1f;
margin-right: 1rem;
} }
.btn-pdf:hover { background: #e8e8ed; } .btn-pdf:hover { background: #e8e8ed; }
.btn-disabled { opacity: 0.6; pointer-events: none; }
/* Make entire card clickable via overlay */ /* Make entire card clickable via overlay */
.kapitel-link::after { .kapitel-link::after {
content: ''; content: '';
@@ -198,9 +226,11 @@ cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << HEADER
</head> </head>
<body> <body>
<header> <header>
<h1>$TITLE</h1> <p class="breadcrumb"><a href="../">← Kursübersicht</a></p>
<h1>HdM Vorlesungen</h1>
<h2 class="course-heading">$TITLE</h2>
<p class="subtitle">$SUBTITLE</p> <p class="subtitle">$SUBTITLE</p>
<p class="meta">HdM Stuttgart · Wintersemester 2025/26 · Michael Czechowski</p> <p class="meta">HdM Stuttgart · Sommersemester 2026 · Michael Czechowski</p>
</header> </header>
<div class="termine"> <div class="termine">
HEADER HEADER
@@ -216,7 +246,7 @@ for html in $(ls "$BUILD_DIR"/[0-9][0-9]-*.html 2>/dev/null | sort); do
# Look up nice topic name or fallback # Look up nice topic name or fallback
topic="${TOPIC_MAP[$topic_raw]}" topic="${TOPIC_MAP[$topic_raw]}"
if [[ -z "$topic" ]]; then if [[ -z "$topic" ]]; then
topic=$(echo "$topic_raw" | sed 's/-/ /g' | sed 's/.*/\u&/') topic=$(echo "$topic_raw" | sed 's/-/ /g' | sed 's/.*/\\u&/')
fi fi
# Handle kapitel number # Handle kapitel number
@@ -228,42 +258,108 @@ for html in $(ls "$BUILD_DIR"/[0-9][0-9]-*.html 2>/dev/null | sort); do
pdf_filename="${filename%.html}.pdf" pdf_filename="${filename%.html}.pdf"
# Check if PDF exists # Determine whether this topic is configured as disabled for this course
pdf_link="" disabled_full=false
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/$pdf_filename" ]]; then disabled_buttons=false
pdf_link="<a href=\"$pdf_filename\" class=\"btn btn-pdf\">PDF</a>" for t in ${DISABLED_FULL["$COURSE"]}; do
if [[ "$topic_raw" == "$t" ]]; then
disabled_full=true
break
fi
done
if [[ "$disabled_full" == false ]]; then
for t in ${DISABLED_BUTTONS["$COURSE"]}; do
if [[ "$topic_raw" == "$t" ]]; then
disabled_buttons=true
break
fi
done
fi
# Decide card class
card_class="kapitel-card"
if [[ "$disabled_full" == true ]] || [[ "$disabled_buttons" == true ]]; then
card_class="$card_class disabled"
fi
# Build link/button HTML depending on disabled state
if [[ "$disabled_full" == true ]]; then
# non-interactive card (visually dimmed and not clickable)
link_html="<div class=\"kapitel-link\"><div class=\"kapitel-label\">$kapitel_label</div><div class=\"kapitel-title\">$topic</div></div>"
slides_html="<span class=\"btn btn-slides btn-disabled\">Folien</span>"
pdf_html=""
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/$pdf_filename" ]]; then
pdf_html="<span class=\"btn btn-pdf btn-disabled\">PDF</span>"
fi
elif [[ "$disabled_buttons" == true ]]; then
# link stays clickable, but buttons are disabled; card appears dimmed
link_html="<a href=\"$filename\" class=\"kapitel-link\"><div class=\"kapitel-label\">$kapitel_label</div><div class=\"kapitel-title\">$topic</div></a>"
slides_html="<span class=\"btn btn-slides btn-disabled\">Folien</span>"
pdf_html=""
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/$pdf_filename" ]]; then
pdf_html="<span class=\"btn btn-pdf btn-disabled\">PDF</span>"
fi
else
# normal interactive card
pdf_link=""
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/$pdf_filename" ]]; then
pdf_link="<a href=\"$pdf_filename\" class=\"btn btn-pdf\">PDF</a>"
fi
link_html="<a href=\"$filename\" class=\"kapitel-link\"><div class=\"kapitel-label\">$kapitel_label</div><div class=\"kapitel-title\">$topic</div></a>"
slides_html="<a href=\"$filename\" class=\"btn btn-slides\">Folien</a>"
pdf_html="$pdf_link"
fi fi
cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << LINK cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << LINK
<div class="kapitel-card"> <div class="$card_class">
<a href="$filename" class="kapitel-link"> $link_html
<div class="kapitel-label">$kapitel_label</div> $slides_html
<div class="kapitel-title">$topic</div> $pdf_html
</a>
<a href="$filename" class="btn btn-slides">Folien</a>
$pdf_link
</div> </div>
LINK LINK
done done
# Add klausur entry if it exists # Add klausurfolien entry if it exists (disabled — wird noch überarbeitet)
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausur.html" ]]; then if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausurfolien.html" ]]; then
pdf_link="" pdf_disabled=""
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausur.pdf" ]]; then if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausurfolien.pdf" ]]; then
pdf_link="<a href=\"klausur.pdf\" class=\"btn btn-pdf\">PDF</a>" pdf_disabled="<span class=\"btn btn-pdf btn-disabled\">PDF</span>"
fi fi
cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << KLAUSUR cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << KLAUSUR
<div class="kapitel-card" style="border-left: 3px solid $ACCENT_COLOR;"> <div class="kapitel-card disabled" style="border-left: 3px solid $ACCENT_COLOR;">
<a href="klausur.html" class="kapitel-link"> <div class="kapitel-link">
<div class="kapitel-label">Prüfung</div> <div class="kapitel-label">Prüfung</div>
<div class="kapitel-title">Klausurrelevante Folien</div> <div class="kapitel-title">Klausurrelevante Folien</div>
</a> </div>
<a href="klausur.html" class="btn btn-slides">Folien</a> <span class="btn btn-slides btn-disabled">Folien</span>
$pdf_link $pdf_disabled
</div> </div>
KLAUSUR KLAUSUR
fi fi
# Add klausurfragen entry if it exists (disabled — wird noch überarbeitet)
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausurfragen.html" ]] || [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausurfragen.pdf" ]]; then
pdf_disabled=""
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausurfragen.pdf" ]]; then
pdf_disabled="<span class=\"btn btn-pdf btn-disabled\">PDF</span>"
fi
slides_disabled=""
if [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/klausurfragen.html" ]]; then
slides_disabled="<span class=\"btn btn-slides btn-disabled\">Folien</span>"
fi
cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << KLAUSURFRAGEN
<div class="kapitel-card disabled" style="border-left: 3px solid $ACCENT_COLOR;">
<div class="kapitel-link">
<div class="kapitel-label">Prüfung</div>
<div class="kapitel-title">Klausurfragen</div>
</div>
$slides_disabled
$pdf_disabled
</div>
KLAUSURFRAGEN
fi
cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << FOOTER cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << FOOTER
</div> </div>
<div class="qr-section"> <div class="qr-section">
@@ -272,7 +368,7 @@ cat >> "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << FOOTER
</div> </div>
<footer> <footer>
<a href="mailto:mail@librete.ch">Kontakt</a> · <a href="mailto:mail@librete.ch">Kontakt</a> ·
<a href="../">Alle Kurse</a> <a href="../">Kursübersicht</a>
</footer> </footer>
</body> </body>
</html> </html>
+158
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# Generate root index.html for HdM slides overview
# Usage: ./generate-root-index.sh
BUILD_DIR="${1:-build}"
cat > "$BUILD_DIR/index.html" << 'HEADER'
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>HdM Vorlesungen</title>
<style>
* { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "SF Pro Display", "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
max-width: 720px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 3rem 1.5rem;
background: #fafafa;
color: #1d1d1f;
line-height: 1.5;
}
h1 {
font-size: 2rem;
font-weight: 600;
letter-spacing: -0.02em;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.subtitle { color: #86868b; font-size: 1rem; }
.courses {
margin-top: 2rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
.course-card {
position: relative;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 12px;
box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
transition: all 0.2s ease;
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto;
align-items: center;
gap: 1rem;
}
.course-card:hover {
transform: translateY(-2px);
box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);
}
.course-link {
display: block;
padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem;
text-decoration: none;
color: inherit;
grid-column: 1;
}
.course-link::after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
inset: 0;
border-radius: 12px;
}
.course-label {
font-size: 0.7rem;
font-weight: 600;
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}
.course-b .course-label { color: #1e5f8a; }
.course-c .course-label { color: #d63384; }
.course-title {
font-size: 1.15rem;
font-weight: 500;
color: #1d1d1f;
margin: 0.25rem 0;
}
.course-info { font-size: 0.85rem; color: #86868b; }
.section-title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: #86868b;
margin-top: 2.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.references {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
footer {
margin-top: 2.5rem;
padding-top: 1.5rem;
border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e7;
color: #86868b;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
footer a { color: #1d1d1f; text-decoration: none; }
footer a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.qr-section {
margin-top: 2.5rem;
padding: 1.5rem;
background: #fff;
border-radius: 12px;
box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
text-align: center;
}
.qr-code { width: 100%; height: auto; }
.qr-url { margin-top: 0.75rem; font-size: 0.85rem; color: #86868b; }
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.course-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.course-link { padding-bottom: 0.75rem; }
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>HdM Vorlesungen</h1>
<p class="subtitle">Sommersemester 2026 · Michael Czechowski</p>
<div class="courses">
<div class="course-card course-b">
<a href="223015b/" class="course-link">
<span class="course-label">223015b</span>
<div class="course-title">Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien &amp; Distributionswege</div>
<span class="course-info">6 Kapitel · Modul &quot;Technik 1&quot;</span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="course-card course-c">
<a href="223015c/" class="course-link">
<span class="course-label">223015c</span>
<div class="course-title">Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik</div>
<span class="course-info">3 Kapitel · Modul &quot;Technik 1&quot;</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="section-title">Referenzen</h2>
<div class="references">
<div class="course-card">
<a href="https://codecrispi.es/" class="course-link">
<span class="course-label">Plattform</span>
<div class="course-title">Code Crispies</div>
<span class="course-info">Selbstlernplattform</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="qr-section">
<img src="qr-root.svg" alt="QR Code" class="qr-code">
<p class="qr-url">https://librete.ch/hdm/</p>
</div>
<footer>
<a href="mailto:mail@librete.ch">Kontakt</a>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
HEADER
echo "Generated $BUILD_DIR/index.html"
+54 -118
View File
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ theme: gaia
paginate: true paginate: true
backgroundColor: #fff backgroundColor: #fff
header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)" header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)"
footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – WS 2025/26" footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege
--- ---
@@ -82,173 +82,109 @@ section.aufgabe footer {
Digital- und Medienwirtschaft Digital- und Medienwirtschaft
Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
**Wintersemester 2025/26** **Sommersemester 2026**
[https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/) [https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/)
--- ---
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/qrcode-0.svg) ![bg fit](./assets/qrcode-0.svg)
--- ---
<!-- _class: lead --> <!-- _class: lead -->
# Willkommen! # Herzlich willkommen!
## Einführung ## Einführung
--- ---
# Über mich # Über mich
**Michael Czechowski** **Michael Werner Czechowski**
- Irgendwas mit IT, Cloud und AI - Systems and Platform Engineer
- Schwerpunkte: - Schwerpunkte:
- Web-Technologien, Barriere-Armut, Systemarchitektur, Open Source - Web-Technologien, Barriere-Armut, Systemarchitektur, Open Source
- Hintergrund: - Hintergrund:
- Philosophie (Uni Stuttgart) -> NO degree - Philosophie (Uni Stuttgart)
- Wirtschafts-Informatik (Leibniz-FH) -> B.Sc. - Wirtschaftsinformatik (Leibniz-FH Hannover)
- Kontakt: lb-czechowski@hdm-stuttgart.de - Kontakt: lb-czechowski@hdm-stuttgart.de
---
# Warum dieses Modul?
**Digitale Medien sind überall.**
* Warum enthalten Fotos oft Informationen über den Aufnahmeort?
* Warum lassen sich gelöschte Dateien wiederherstellen?
* Warum benötigt eine Minute 4K-Video unkomprimiert 45 GB Speicher?
* Warum zeigt eine "1 TB"-Festplatte nur 931 GB an?
* Warum ist USB-C nicht gleich USB-C?
* Ziel: **→ Mitreden können!**
<!-- <!--
Kurze Vorstellung 1. EXIF (Exchangeable Image File Format)-Metadaten speichern GPS-Koordinaten, Kameramodell und Zeitstempel automatisch. Die meisten wissen nicht, dass diese Daten beim Versenden mitgeschickt werden. → Kapitel 4: Metadaten
Praxisbezug betonen
Fragen jederzeit willkommen 2. Beim Löschen wird nur der Verzeichniseintrag im Dateisystem entfernt, nicht die Daten selbst. Die Bits bleiben auf dem Datenträger, bis sie überschrieben werden. → Kapitel 3: Dateisysteme
3. 3840 × 2160 Pixel × 3 Byte (RGB) × 30 Bilder/Sek × 60 Sek = ~45 GB. Codecs wie H.264/H.265 komprimieren um Faktor 100+. → Kapitel 1+2: Kompression
4. Hersteller rechnen dezimal (1 TB = 10¹² Bytes), Betriebssysteme binär (1 TiB = 2⁴⁰ Bytes). Die Differenz beträgt bei Terabyte bereits ~10%. → Kapitel 1: Dateneinheiten
5. USB-C ist nur die Steckerform. Dahinter können USB 2.0 (480 Mbit/s), USB 3.2 (20 Gbit/s) oder Thunderbolt 4 (40 Gbit/s) laufen — gleiches Kabel, völlig unterschiedliche Leistung. → Kapitel 3: Schnittstellen
--> -->
--- ---
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/jung-naiv.png)
---
# AMA (Ask my anything)
*Nur ein Vorschlag ...*
* Hast du alle Bände von AoT daheim?
* Hast du eine Studierenden-Kneipe mal geleitet?
* Hast du wirklich 17 Semester Philosophie ohne Abschluss studiert?
---
# Kurze Umfrage # Kurze Umfrage
**Bitte Hand heben:** **Bitte Hand heben:**
1) Wer hat schon mal ein Video komprimiert/konvertiert? * Wer kennt den Unterschied zwischen analog und digital?
2) Wer kennte die 3-2-1 Regel? * Wer hat schon mal eine Datei von einem Format in ein anderes konvertiert?
3) Wer weiß, was der Unterschied zwischen JPEG und PNG ist? * Wer hat schon mal Metadaten aus einem Foto entfernt?
4) Wer hat schon mal mit APIs gearbeitet? * Wer hat schon mal ein Backup verloren?
5) Wer weiß, was UTF-8 bedeutet? * Wer hat schon mal ein Backup wiederhergestellt?
6) Wer hat schon mal mit einem CLI gearbeitet?
6) **Wer hat schon mal etwas mit HTML oder CSS gemacht?** (Hex-Farben wie `#FF0000`?)
<!-- <!--
Niveau der Gruppe einschätzen Niveau der Gruppe einschätzen
Keine falschen Antworten Keine falschen Antworten
Zeigt, wo wir starten Zeigt, wo wir starten
HTML/CSS-Frage: Viele kennen Hex-Codes aus Webdesign
API = Application Programming Interface API = Application Programming Interface
--> -->
--- ---
# Warum dieses Modul?
**Digitale Medien sind überall** – aber was steckt dahinter?
* Warum ist ein JPEG kleiner als ein PNG?
* Warum klingt MP3 anders als FLAC?
* Warum zeigt meine 1 TB Festplatte nur 931 GB?
* Warum ist USB-C so verwirrend?
* Wie funktioniert eigentlich Streaming?
* **→ Die Technik dahinter verstehen!**
<!--
Praxisnahe Fragen aus dem Alltag
Nicht nur "was", sondern "warum"
Verständnis für technische Entscheidungen
-->
---
# Das Ziel
**Technische Grundlagen verstehen**, um fundierte Entscheidungen treffen zu können.
Als Digital- und Medienwirtschaftler:innen werdet ihr täglich mit technischen Fragen konfrontiert:
* Welches Format für welchen Zweck?
* Welche Schnittstelle für welches Gerät?
* Wie funktioniert die Distribution digitaler Inhalte?
* **→ Mitreden können – nicht (zwingend) programmieren!**
<!--
Nicht: Ihr sollt Programmierer werden
Sondern: Ihr sollt technische Entscheidungen verstehen
Praxisbezug: Medienproduktion, Marketing, Projektmanagement
-->
---
# Was ihr lernt
**In dieser Veranstaltung erwerbt ihr folgende Kompetenzen:**
* Fundiertes Grundwissen über Daten und Informationen
* Dateiformate analysieren und verstehen
* Grundlagen von Kompression (Audio, Bild, Video)
* Speichermedien unterscheiden
* Programmier-Schnittstellen kennenlernen
* APIs und Distributionswege verstehen
<!--
Fokus auf Verständnis, nicht auf Programmierung
Hands-On jede Woche: Selbst ausprobieren
Ziel: Einblick in die Denkweise von Software-Entwicklern
-->
---
# Kursübersicht # Kursübersicht
**5 Termine:** **Kapitel:**
| # | Datum | Thema | * 1. **Grundlagen**, Text & Audio (Bits, Bytes, Zeichenkodierung, MP3)
|---|-------|-------| * 2. Bild- & Video-**Kompression** (JPEG, PNG, H.264/H.265)
| 1 | 19.12.2025 | Bits, Bytes, Zeichenkodierung & Audio | * 3. **Speichermedien** & **Schnittstellen** (HDD, SSD, USB, Thunderbolt)
| 2 | 09.01.2026 | Bild- & Video-Kompression | * 4. **Distribution** und Verteilung (Streaming, REST, Cloud)
| 3 | 23.01.2026 | Speichermedien & Schnittstellen | * Vertiefung & offene Fragen
| 4 | 30.01.2026 | Distribution, APIs & Zukunft |
| 5 | TBA | Vertiefung & offene Fragen |
**Format:** Theorie + Hands-On (30-40 Min pro Termin)
<!--
Nicht nur theoretische Inhalte
Praktische Übungen jede Woche
Medienwissenschaftler:innen, nicht Informatiker:innen
-->
--- ---
# Prüfungsleistung 18.02. <!-- _class: klausur -->
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
<!-- _backgroundColor: #e3f2fd -->
# Prüfungsleistung
**Nach aktuellem Kenntnisstand:** **Nach aktuellem Kenntnisstand:**
* 90 min (40% Grundlagen, 40% Dateiformate, 20% AV) * 90 min insg. (Technik 1)
* Schriftliche Klausur * Schriftliche Klausur (digital)
* Teils offene Fragen * Teils offene Fragen
* Vermutlich digital * Kein Coding/Programmieren
* Kein Coding! * **Prüfungsrelevante Folien:**
* **Prüfungsrelevant:** Alles in den Folien/im Skript - Gestreift oder Vollton (PDF) markiert
<!--
Details können sich noch ändern
Keine Programmieraufgaben
Verständnisfragen, keine Auswendiglernerei
-->
File diff suppressed because it is too large. Load diff
+250 -2
View File
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ theme: gaia
paginate: true paginate: true
backgroundColor: #fff backgroundColor: #fff
header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)" header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)"
footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart" footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege
--- ---
@@ -68,6 +68,38 @@ section.aufgabe {
section.aufgabe footer { section.aufgabe footer {
display: none; display: none;
} }
section.erklaerung {
font-size: 1.1rem;
background: repeating-linear-gradient(
135deg,
#e3f2fd,
#e3f2fd 40px,
#fff 40px,
#fff 80px
) !important;
}
@media print {
section.erklaerung {
background: #e3f2fd !important;
}
}
section.erklaerung h1 {
font-size: 1.5rem;
color: #1e5f8a;
margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
section.erklaerung ul,
section.erklaerung ol {
font-size: 1.0rem;
line-height: 1.4;
}
section.erklaerung p {
font-size: 1.0rem;
line-height: 1.4;
}
section.erklaerung table {
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
</style> </style>
<!-- _class: invert --> <!-- _class: invert -->
@@ -220,6 +252,26 @@ KLAUSURRELEVANT:
--- ---
<!-- _class: erklaerung -->
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
# Rastergrafik – Vertiefung
Ein Pixel ist die kleinste adressierbare Einheit. Bei 24-Bit-Farbtiefe speichert jeder Pixel drei 8-Bit-Werte (0–255) für Rot, Grün und Blau. Diese additive Farbmischung erzeugt 256³ = 16,7 Millionen mögliche Farbtöne.
**Speicherberechnung:** `Breite × Höhe × Bytes pro Pixel`
| Auflösung | Farbtiefe | Berechnung | Größe |
|-----------|-----------|------------|-------|
| 1920×1080 | 24 Bit (3 B) | 2.073.600 × 3 | 6,2 MB |
| 4K (3840×2160) | 24 Bit | 8.294.400 × 3 | 24,9 MB |
| 4K | 32 Bit (4 B) | 8.294.400 × 4 | 33,2 MB |
Der Alpha-Kanal (32 Bit) speichert Transparenz als Wert von 0 (unsichtbar) bis 255 (vollständig sichtbar). PNG nutzt dies für weiche Kanten; JPEG unterstützt keinen Alpha-Kanal.
---
# Das Problem der Skalierung # Das Problem der Skalierung
**Vergrößern:** **Vergrößern:**
@@ -274,6 +326,30 @@ KLAUSURRELEVANT:
--- ---
<!-- _class: erklaerung -->
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
# Vektorgrafik – Vertiefung
Vektorgrafiken speichern keine Pixel, sondern mathematische Beschreibungen: Koordinaten, Kurvenparameter (Bézier-Kontrollpunkte), Füllfarben, Strichstärken. Der Renderer berechnet die Pixel erst bei der Ausgabe – daher beliebig skalierbar.
**Bézier-Kurven** (Pierre Bézier, 1962, für Renault-Karosserien entwickelt):
- Definiert durch Ankerpunkte und Kontrollpunkte
- Kubische Bézier: 2 Anker + 2 Kontrollpunkte
- Mathematisch exakt reproduzierbar
| Aspekt | Raster | Vektor |
|--------|--------|--------|
| Skalierung 10× | Pixel sichtbar | Perfekt scharf |
| Foto-Realismus | Gut geeignet | Unpraktikabel |
| Dateigröße Logo | Wächst mit Auflösung | Konstant (~5 KB) |
| Editierbarkeit | Destruktiv | Nicht-destruktiv |
**Rasterisierung:** GPU wandelt Vektordaten in Pixel um. Geschieht bei jeder Darstellung neu – deshalb ist ein 4K-Monitor schärfer als ein 1080p-Monitor bei gleichem SVG.
---
# Raster- und Vektorgrafiken # Raster- und Vektorgrafiken
| | Raster | Vektor | | | Raster | Vektor |
@@ -338,6 +414,28 @@ KLAUSURRELEVANT:
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# Psychovisuelle Wahrnehmung – Vertiefung
Die Netzhaut enthält ~120 Mio. Stäbchen (Helligkeitswahrnehmung) aber nur ~6 Mio. Zapfen (Farbwahrnehmung). Dieses 20:1-Verhältnis erklärt, warum JPEG Farbinformationen stärker reduzieren kann als Helligkeitsinformationen.
**Räumliche Frequenz** beschreibt, wie schnell sich die Helligkeit über eine Bildfläche ändert:
- **Niedrig:** Himmel, Wand – große einheitliche Flächen
- **Hoch:** Haare, Texturen, Schrift – schnelle Wechsel
Das Auge ist ein Tiefpassfilter: Hohe Frequenzen (feine Details) werden schwächer wahrgenommen. JPEG verwirft daher zuerst die hohen Frequenzen – der Qualitätsverlust bleibt meist unsichtbar.
| Biologisches Limit | Ausnutzung in JPEG |
|-------------------|-------------------|
| Farbauflösung ~20× geringer | Chroma Subsampling (4:2:0) |
| Hohe Frequenzen unscharf | DCT + Quantisierung |
| Kontrast-Maskierung | Artefakte in Texturen versteckt |
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# Farbraumkonversion – Vertiefung
RGB→YCbCr nutzt die Biologie des menschlichen Auges: 120 Mio. Stäbchen (Helligkeit) vs. nur 6 Mio. Zapfen (Farbe) – ein 20:1-Verhältnis. Die Transformation erfolgt über eine lineare Matrix:
```
Y = 0.299·R + 0.587·G + 0.114·B
Cb = −0.169·R − 0.331·G + 0.500·B + 128
Cr = 0.500·R − 0.419·G − 0.081·B + 128
```
Die Gewichtung (G dominiert mit 59%) entspricht der spektralen Empfindlichkeit des Auges bei Tageslicht. Y enthält alle Schärfeinformation; Cb/Cr können reduziert werden.
**Chroma Subsampling – Notation J:a:b** (bezogen auf 4×2 Pixel):
| Schema | Farbdaten | Einsatz |
|--------|-----------|---------|
| 4:4:4 | 100% | Postproduktion, Grafik |
| 4:2:2 | 50% | Broadcast, Pro-Video |
| 4:2:0 | 25% | JPEG, H.264, Streaming |
Bei 4:2:0 teilen sich 4 Pixel einen Farbwert, behalten aber individuelle Helligkeit → 50% Dateneinsparung bei kaum sichtbarem Unterschied.
---
# JPEG Schritt 2: Chroma Subsampling # JPEG Schritt 2: Chroma Subsampling
**Notation `J:a:b`** (bezogen auf 4×2 Pixel-Block): **Notation `J:a:b`** (bezogen auf 4×2 Pixel-Block):
@@ -623,12 +749,36 @@ KLAUSURRELEVANT:
- Präfix-frei: Kein Code ist Anfang eines anderen - Präfix-frei: Kein Code ist Anfang eines anderen
- Häufigstes Zeichen = kürzester Code - Häufigstes Zeichen = kürzester Code
- Auch in ZIP, PNG, MP3 verwendet - Auch in ZIP, PNG, MP3 verwendet
-->
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# Huffman-Coding – Vertiefung
David Huffman entwickelte 1952 als Student am MIT einen optimalen Algorithmus für präfixfreie Codes – ursprünglich als Hausaufgabe, die zur Veröffentlichung führte.
**Algorithmus (Bottom-Up-Baumkonstruktion):**
1. Alle Symbole nach Häufigkeit sortieren
2. Die zwei seltensten Symbole zu einem Knoten kombinieren
3. Wiederholen bis nur noch die Wurzel übrig ist
4. Codes ablesen: links = 0, rechts = 1
**Präfixfreiheit:** Kein Code ist Anfang eines anderen → sofort dekodierbar ohne Trennzeichen.
| Eigenschaft | Huffman | Arithmetisch |
|-------------|---------|--------------|
| Einheit | Ganze Bits | Fraktionale Bits |
| Optimalität | Optimal für ganze Bits | Näher an Entropie |
| Geschwindigkeit | Schneller | Langsamer |
| JPEG-Einsatz | Standard (Baseline) | Optional (selten) |
JPEG verwendet zwei Huffman-Tabellen: eine für DC-Koeffizienten (Durchschnittswerte), eine für AC-Koeffizienten (Frequenzen). Die Tabellen sind im JPEG-Header gespeichert.
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# WebP & AVIF – Vertiefung
**WebP** entstand 2010 aus Googles VP8-Videocodec (On2 Technologies, für $133M gekauft). Statt I-Frames für Video werden sie als Einzelbilder verwendet. WebP nutzt Intra-Frame-Prediction, die benachbarte Blöcke zur Vorhersage verwendet – effizienter als JPEGs blockweise DCT.
**AVIF** basiert auf dem AV1-Videocodec, entwickelt 2015–2018 von der Alliance for Open Media (Google, Apple, Netflix, Amazon, Microsoft, Mozilla). Nach dem Patent-Chaos von H.265/HEVC vereinten sich die Konkurrenten für einen lizenzfreien Standard.
| Aspekt | WebP | AVIF |
|--------|------|------|
| Basis-Codec | VP8/VP9 | AV1 |
| Kompression vs. JPEG | 25–35% besser | 50% besser |
| HDR/Wide Gamut | Nein | Ja (10/12 Bit) |
| Encoding-Geschwindigkeit | Schnell | Sehr langsam |
| Browser-Support 2025 | 97%+ | 93%+ |
**Warum JPEG dominiert:** Kameras, Bildbearbeitungssoftware und Content-Management-Systeme sind auf JPEG optimiert. Der Wechsel erfordert Infrastruktur-Updates über die gesamte Pipeline.
---
# Formatwahl in der Praxis # Formatwahl in der Praxis
| Anwendung | Format | | Anwendung | Format |
@@ -890,6 +1062,33 @@ KLAUSURRELEVANT:
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# Container vs. Codec – Vertiefung
**Container** (Multiplexer-Format) organisiert mehrere Datenströme mit Timing-Informationen. Er enthält keine Kompressionslogik, sondern synchronisiert Video, Audio, Untertitel und Metadaten.
**Codec** (Coder-Decoder) definiert den Kompressionsalgorithmus. Derselbe Container kann verschiedene Codecs enthalten – die Dateiendung verrät den Codec nicht.
| Container | Entwickler | Typische Codecs | Besonderheit |
|-----------|------------|-----------------|--------------|
| MP4 | ISO/MPEG | H.264, H.265, AAC | Web-Standard, DRM-fähig |
| MKV | Matroska | Alle | Beliebig viele Streams, Kapitel |
| WebM | Google | VP9, AV1, Opus | HTML5-optimiert, lizenzfrei |
| MOV | Apple | ProRes, H.264 | Professionelle Produktion |
**Metadaten im Container:**
- Timecodes für Frame-genaue Synchronisation
- Kapitelmarken, Thumbnails
- Sprach-Tags für Audio/Untertitel
- HDR-Metadaten (MaxCLL, MaxFALL)
**Praktisches Problem:** Eine `.mp4`-Datei mit AV1-Codec spielt auf älteren Geräten nicht ab, obwohl sie MP4 „unterstützen" – der Hardware-Decoder fehlt für AV1.
---
# Gängige Container # Gängige Container
| Container | Verwendung | | Container | Verwendung |
@@ -1115,6 +1314,32 @@ KLAUSURRELEVANT:
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# H.264/AVC – Vertiefung
H.264 (2003) ermöglichte erst YouTube (2005), Netflix-Streaming (2007) und Blu-ray. Vor H.264 war MPEG-2 Standard – H.264 erreichte bei gleicher Qualität die halbe Bitrate.
**Technische Innovationen:**
- **Variable Blockgrößen:** 16×16 bis 4×4 Macroblocks (MPEG-2: nur 16×16)
- **Intra-Prediction:** Blöcke werden aus Nachbarn vorhergesagt
- **In-Loop Deblocking:** Filter reduziert Blockartefakte vor der Referenzierung
- **CABAC:** Arithmetic Coding ersetzt Huffman (10–15% effizienter)
| Profile | Anwendung | Max. Auflösung |
|---------|-----------|----------------|
| Baseline | Videotelefonie, ältere Geräte | 480p |
| Main | Broadcast, Streaming | 1080p |
| High | Blu-ray, professionell | 4K |
**Hardware-Ubiquität:** Seit 2010 hat jedes Smartphone, jede GPU, jeder Smart-TV einen H.264-Hardware-Decoder. Encoding in Echtzeit braucht keine CPU – das ermöglichte erst mobiles Video-Streaming und Videotelefonie.
**Patent-Pool (MPEG-LA):** ~2.000 Patente von 30+ Unternehmen. Endnutzer-Streaming ist lizenzfrei; Hardware-Hersteller zahlen ~$0,20/Gerät.
---
# Das Patent-Problem # Das Patent-Problem
**H.264 ist nicht frei** **H.264 ist nicht frei**
@@ -1221,6 +1446,29 @@ KLAUSURRELEVANT:
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# AV1 – Vertiefung
Die **Alliance for Open Media** (2015) vereinte Konkurrenten nach dem Patent-Chaos von H.265/HEVC. Drei separate Patent-Pools (MPEG-LA, HEVC Advance, Velos Media) machten H.265-Lizenzierung unberechenbar – die Industrie wollte einen garantiert lizenzfreien Standard.
**Gründungsmitglieder:** Google, Mozilla, Cisco, Netflix, Amazon, Microsoft. Apple trat 2018 bei – historisch, da Apple sonst eigene Standards bevorzugt.
| Technische Innovation | Beschreibung |
|----------------------|--------------|
| Superblocks | Bis 128×128 Pixel (H.264: max 16×16) |
| Prediction Modes | 56 Intra-Modi (H.264: 9) |
| Transform | 10 verschiedene Transformtypen |
| Film Grain Synthesis | Filmkorn wird als Parameter übertragen |
**Encoding-Performance:** Software-Encoding ist 50–200× langsamer als H.264. Erst Hardware-Encoder (Intel ab Gen 12, NVIDIA RTX 40, Apple M3) machen Echtzeit-Encoding praktikabel.
**Adoption 2025:** YouTube und Netflix nutzen AV1 für 4K/8K-Streams. 2024 gewann AV1 einen Emmy für technische Innovation – offene Standards können Industriestandard werden.
---
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footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – WS 2025/26" footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege
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@@ -82,7 +114,7 @@ section.aufgabe footer {
Digital- und Medienwirtschaft Digital- und Medienwirtschaft
Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
**Wintersemester 2025/26** **Sommersemester 2026**
[https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/) [https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/)
@@ -235,6 +267,29 @@ Kleine SSD für System + große HDD für Archiv.
--- ---
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# HDD vs. SSD – Vertiefung
**HDD (Hard Disk Drive):** Magnetplatten rotieren mit 5.400–7.200 RPM; ein Schreib-/Lesekopf schwebt nanometerweit über der Oberfläche. Die Zugriffszeit setzt sich zusammen aus Seek Time (Kopf bewegen) + Rotational Latency (warten auf Sektor).
**SSD (Solid State Drive):** NAND-Flash-Zellen speichern Bits als elektrische Ladung. Kein mechanischer Zugriff → konstant schnelle Latenz. Aber: Zellen haben begrenzte Schreibzyklen (P/E Cycles).
| Aspekt | HDD | SATA SSD | NVMe SSD |
|--------|-----|----------|----------|
| Latenz | 5–10 ms | 0,1 ms | 0,02 ms |
| Seq. Lesen | 150 MB/s | 550 MB/s | 7.000 MB/s |
| IOPS (4K random) | 100 | 90.000 | 1.000.000 |
| TBW (1 TB Modell) | ∞ | 600 TBW | 600 TBW |
**Wear Leveling:** SSD-Controller verteilen Schreibvorgänge gleichmäßig, um einzelne Zellen nicht vorzeitig zu erschöpfen. TRIM informiert den Controller über gelöschte Blöcke.
**Praxis:** System-SSD für OS/Anwendungen (Geschwindigkeit), HDD für Medienarchiv (Kapazität/Preis). RAID schützt vor Einzelausfällen bei beiden.
---
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# Dateisysteme # Dateisysteme
@@ -484,6 +539,30 @@ Warum 1 Offsite?
--- ---
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# 3-2-1-Backup-Regel – Vertiefung
Peter Krogh formulierte die Regel 2005 in „The DAM Book" (Digital Asset Management). Sie schützt gegen unterschiedliche Verlustszenarien:
| Bedrohung | Schutz durch | Beispiel |
|-----------|--------------|----------|
| Hardware-Defekt | 3 Kopien | SSD stirbt → HDD-Backup vorhanden |
| Firmware-Bug/Ransomware | 2 Medientypen | Malware infiziert nur ein System |
| Feuer/Diebstahl/Flut | 1 Offsite | Haus brennt → Cloud-Backup sicher |
**Moderne Erweiterung 3-2-1-1-0:**
- **+1** Air-Gapped (offline, nicht verbunden)
- **+0** Verifizierte Backups (regelmäßig Restore testen)
**Ransomware-Problem:** Vernetzte Backups werden oft mitverschlüsselt. Air-Gapped-Medien (externe HDD im Safe, LTO-Band) bleiben sicher, weil sie physisch getrennt sind.
**Realitäts-Check:** Die meisten Datenverluste entstehen durch menschliche Fehler (versehentliches Löschen), nicht Hardware-Ausfälle. Versionierte Backups (Time Machine, Borg) schützen auch davor – die gelöschte Datei existiert noch in älteren Snapshots.
---
# Backup-Arten # Backup-Arten
**Vollständig (Full):** **Vollständig (Full):**
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footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – WS 2025/26" footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege
--- ---
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ section.aufgabe footer {
Digital- und Medienwirtschaft Digital- und Medienwirtschaft
Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
**Wintersemester 2025/26** **Sommersemester 2026**
[https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/) [https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/)
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ theme: gaia
paginate: true paginate: true
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header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)" header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)"
footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – WS 2025/26" footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege
--- ---
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ section.aufgabe footer {
Digital- und Medienwirtschaft Digital- und Medienwirtschaft
Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
**Wintersemester 2025/26** **Sommersemester 2026**
[https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/) [https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/)
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<rect x="1419.00" y="220" width="101.25" height="500" fill="rgb(243,243,243)" stroke="#1a1a2e" stroke-width="3"/>
<text x="1469.62" y="820" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="42" fill="#1a1a2e" font-weight="bold">243</text>
<text x="1469.62" y="900" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="36" fill="#4a4a6a">0xF3</text>
<rect x="1532.25" y="220" width="101.25" height="500" fill="rgb(242,242,242)" stroke="#1a1a2e" stroke-width="3"/>
<text x="1582.88" y="820" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="42" fill="#1a1a2e" font-weight="bold">242</text>
<text x="1582.88" y="900" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="36" fill="#4a4a6a">0xF2</text>
<rect x="1645.50" y="220" width="101.25" height="500" fill="rgb(241,241,241)" stroke="#1a1a2e" stroke-width="3"/>
<text x="1696.12" y="820" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="42" fill="#1a1a2e" font-weight="bold">241</text>
<text x="1696.12" y="900" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="36" fill="#4a4a6a">0xF1</text>
<rect x="1758.75" y="220" width="101.25" height="500" fill="rgb(240,240,240)" stroke="#1a1a2e" stroke-width="3"/>
<text x="1809.38" y="820" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="42" fill="#1a1a2e" font-weight="bold">240</text>
<text x="1809.38" y="900" text-anchor="middle" font-family="monospace" font-size="36" fill="#4a4a6a">0xF0</text>
<text x="960.0" y="1020" text-anchor="middle" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="28" fill="#4a4a6a" font-style="italic">jede Stufe = Unterschied von 1/255 ≈ 0,4% Helligkeit</text>
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ theme: gaia
paginate: true paginate: true
backgroundColor: #fff backgroundColor: #fff
header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)" header: "Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege (223015b)"
footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart" footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege title: Dateiformate, Schnittstellen, Speichermedien & Distributionswege
--- ---
<style> <style>
@@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ section.aufgabe footer {
Digital- und Medienwirtschaft Digital- und Medienwirtschaft
Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
**Sommersemester 2026**
[https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/) [https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015b/)
--- ---
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
| **Formate** | ZIP, PNG, FLAC, GIF | JPEG, MP3, H.264/H.265 | | **Formate** | ZIP, PNG, FLAC, GIF | JPEG, MP3, H.264/H.265 |
**Faustregel:** **Faustregel:**
- Medien für Endnutzer → Lossy oft akzeptabel - Medien für EndnutzerInnen → Lossy oft akzeptabel
- Quellmaterial, Code, Archive → Lossless nötig - Quellmaterial, Code, Archive → Lossless nötig
<!-- <!--
@@ -208,13 +210,13 @@ VERGLEICH: SSD ~$50/TB, HDD ~$15/TB, LTO ~$5/TB
### Distribution: physisch (Kauf, Verleih, Kopie) ### Distribution: physisch (Kauf, Verleih, Kopie)
- **Text** - **Text**
- Bücher, Zeitungen, Zeitschriften, Lochkarten - Bücher, Zeitungen, Zeitschriften, Lochkarten
- **Bild** - **Bild**
- Fotografie (Negativ, Dia, Polaroid), Mikrofilm - Fotografie (Negativ, Dia, Polaroid), Mikrofilm
- **Audio:** - **Audio:**
- Schallplatte (Vinyl, Schellack), Tonband, Musikkassette - Schallplatte (Vinyl, Schellack), Tonband, Musikkassette
- **Video:** - **Video:**
- Film (35mm, Super 8), VHS, Betamax - Film (35mm, Super 8), VHS, Betamax
--- ---
@@ -227,13 +229,13 @@ VERGLEICH: SSD ~$50/TB, HDD ~$15/TB, LTO ~$5/TB
### Distribution: Datenträger (CD, USB), Download, Streaming, P2P ### Distribution: Datenträger (CD, USB), Download, Streaming, P2P
- **Text** - **Text**
- E-Book (PDF, EPUB), Dokumente (TXT, DOCX) - E-Book (PDF, EPUB), Dokumente (TXT, DOCX)
- **Bild** - **Bild**
- Digitalfoto (JPEG, PNG, RAW, WebP, GIF) - Digitalfoto (JPEG, PNG, RAW, WebP, GIF)
- **Audio** - **Audio**
- Audiodatei (MP3, FLAC, WAV, AAC, OGG) - Audiodatei (MP3, FLAC, WAV, AAC, OGG)
- **Video** - **Video**
- Videodatei (MP4, MKV, AVI, WebM) - Videodatei (MP4, MKV, AVI, WebM)
--- ---
@@ -245,13 +247,13 @@ VERGLEICH: SSD ~$50/TB, HDD ~$15/TB, LTO ~$5/TB
# Digitale Speichermedien # Digitale Speichermedien
- **Optische Speicher** - **Optische Speicher**
- CD, DVD, Blu-ray - CD, DVD, Blu-ray
- **Magnetische Speicher** - **Magnetische Speicher**
- Festplatte (HDD), Magnetband (LTO) - Festplatte (HDD), Magnetband (LTO)
- **Flash-Speicher** - **Flash-Speicher**
- SSD, USB-Stick, SD-Karte - SSD, USB-Stick, SD-Karte
- **Cloud-Speicher** - **Cloud-Speicher**
- Dropbox, Google Drive, iCloud, AWS S3 - Dropbox, Google Drive, iCloud, AWS S3
--- ---
@@ -277,14 +279,12 @@ Breite × Höhe × Farbtiefe (in Bytes)
| 32 | 16,7 Mio. + Alpha | Transparenz | | 32 | 16,7 Mio. + Alpha | Transparenz |
<!-- <!--
BERECHNUNG: Breite × Höhe × (Farbtiefe / 8) KLAUSURRELEVANT:
BEISPIEL: 1920×1080 × 24 Bit = 1920×1080×3 = 6.220.800 Bytes ≈ 6,2 MB - Formel: Breite × Höhe × (Farbtiefe / 8) = Bytes
- Beispielrechnung: 1920 × 1080 × 3 = 6.220.800 Bytes ≈ 6,2 MB
Farbtiefe erklärt: - Farbtiefe: 2^n Farben bei n Bit
- 1 Bit: 2^1 = 2 Farben - 24 Bit = 8 Bit pro Kanal (R, G, B)
- 8 Bit: 2^8 = 256 Farben - 32 Bit = 24 Bit + 8 Bit Alpha (Transparenz)
- 24 Bit: 2^24 = 16.777.216 Farben (je 8 Bit für R, G, B)
- 32 Bit: 24 Bit + 8 Bit Alpha-Kanal
--> -->
@@ -306,17 +306,15 @@ Farbtiefe erklärt:
<circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" fill="#ff0000"/> <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" fill="#ff0000"/>
``` ```
<small>SVG beschreibt nicht jeden einzelnen Pixel im Raster, sondern deklariert wie Farben und Formen gesetzt werden.</small> <small>SVG beschreibt WAS gezeichnet werden soll, nicht WIE jeder Pixel aussieht.</small>
<!-- <!--
Vektorgrafiken beschreiben WAS gezeichnet werden soll. KLAUSURRELEVANT:
Rastergrafiken beschreiben WIE jeder Pixel aussieht. - Vektor = Beschreibung (deklarativ)
- Raster = Pixel für Pixel (imperativ)
Rendering-Pipeline: - Rendering-Pipeline: Vektordaten → Rasterisierung → Display
Vektordaten → Rasterisierung → Framebuffer → Display - Skalierung = Koordinaten multiplizieren → keine Information geht verloren
- SVG = Scalable Vector Graphics (Web-Standard)
Beim Skalieren werden einfach die Koordinaten multipliziert.
Keine Information geht verloren.
--> -->
@@ -334,18 +332,17 @@ Keine Information geht verloren.
- Niedrige Frequenzen besser als hohe - Niedrige Frequenzen besser als hohe
**JPEG nutzt das aus:** **JPEG nutzt das aus:**
- Farbauflösung reduzieren (aber Helligkeit behalten) - Farbauflösung reduzieren (Helligkeit behalten)
- Glatte Flächen effizient speichern - Glatte Flächen effizient speichern
- Hohe Frequenzen (Details) verwerfen - Hohe Frequenzen (feine Details) verwerfen
<!-- <!--
Das ist die visuelle Entsprechung zur Psychoakustik. KLAUSURRELEVANT:
- Mehr Stäbchen (Helligkeit) als Zapfen (Farbe) im Auge
Das Auge hat mehr Rezeptoren für Helligkeit (Stäbchen) - "Frequenz" = räumliche Frequenz = wie schnell ändert sich Helligkeit?
als für Farbe (Zapfen). - Niedrig = langsame Änderung = große gleichmäßige Fläche
- Hoch = schnelle Änderung = feine Details, Kanten
Hohe Frequenzen = schnelle Wechsel = feine Details - Analogie zur Psychoakustik bei MP3 (letztes Mal)
Niedrige Frequenzen = langsame Wechsel = große Flächen
--> -->
@@ -357,24 +354,25 @@ Niedrige Frequenzen = langsame Wechsel = große Flächen
![bg right:20%](./assets/Barn-yuv.png) ![bg right:20%](./assets/Barn-yuv.png)
# JPEG: Schritt 1 – Farbraumkonversion # JPEG Schritt 1: Farbraumkonversion
**RGB → Y'CbCr** (seltener Y'UV) **RGB → Y'CbCr**
- **Y** = Helligkeit (Luminanz) – Was das Auge am besten sieht - **Y** = Helligkeit (Luminanz)
- **Cb** = Blau-Gelb-Anteil (Chrominanz) - **Cb** = Blau-Gelb-Anteil (Chrominanz)
- **Cr** = Rot-Grün-Anteil (Chrominanz) - **Cr** = Rot-Grün-Anteil (Chrominanz)
**Warum diese Trennung?** **Warum?**
Y (Helligkeit) behält volle Auflösung. Y (Helligkeit) behält volle Auflösung
Cb/Cr (Farbe) kann reduziert werden – Auge merkt es kaum. Cb/Cr (Farbe) kann reduziert werden
<!-- <!--
YCbCr ist wie RGB ein Tripel aus 3 Werten pro Pixel. KLAUSURRELEVANT:
Der Unterschied: Statt Rot-Grün-Blau speichern wir Helligkeit + 2 Farbdifferenzen. - YCbCr = auch 3 Werte pro Pixel, aber anders organisiert
- Statt R-G-B: Helligkeit + 2 Farbdifferenzen
Die Umrechnung ist reversibel (mathematische Transformation). - Umrechnung ist reversibel (mathematische Transformation)
Der Clou: Jetzt können wir Helligkeit und Farbe getrennt behandeln. - Vorteil: Helligkeit und Farbe getrennt behandelbar
- Bild zeigt: Y (oben), Cb (Mitte), Cr (unten)
--> -->
@@ -384,14 +382,14 @@ Der Clou: Jetzt können wir Helligkeit und Farbe getrennt behandeln.
<!-- _footer: "" --> <!-- _footer: "" -->
# JPEG: Schritt 6 – Huffman-Coding # JPEG Schritt 6: Huffman-Coding
**Verlustfreie Kompression der Restwerte** **Verlustfreie Kompression der Restwerte**
**Idee:** Statt fester 8 Bit pro Wert → variable Bitlänge **Idee:** Variable Bitlänge statt fester 8 Bit
Häufige Werte bekommen kurze Bit-Sequenzen. Häufige Werte → kurze Codes
| Zeichen | Häufigkeit | Code (Bit-Sequenz) | | Zeichen | Häufigkeit | Code |
|---------|------------|------| |---------|------------|------|
| e | 40% | `0` (1 Bit) | | e | 40% | `0` (1 Bit) |
| a | 25% | `10` (2 Bit) | | a | 25% | `10` (2 Bit) |
@@ -400,9 +398,74 @@ Häufige Werte bekommen kurze Bit-Sequenzen.
| u | 5% | `1111` (4 Bit) | | u | 5% | `1111` (4 Bit) |
<!-- <!--
Huffman-Coding ist verlustfrei. KLAUSURRELEVANT:
Der "Code" ist eine Bit-Sequenz, die das Zeichen eindeutig identifiziert. - Huffman = verlustfrei, optimal für bekannte Häufigkeiten
Weil "e" am häufigsten vorkommt, bekommt es den kürzesten Code. - Präfix-frei: Kein Code ist Anfang eines anderen
- Häufigstes Zeichen = kürzester Code
- Auch in ZIP, PNG, MP3 verwendet
-->
---
<!-- _header: "" -->
<!-- _footer: "" -->
<!--
# Huffman-Coding: Beispiel
**Originaltext:** `ABRACADABRA` (11 Zeichen × 8 Bit = 88 Bit)
**Häufigkeitsanalyse:**
A=5, B=2, R=2, C=1, D=1
**Huffman-Baum → Codes:**
| Zeichen | Häufigkeit | Code |
|---------|------------|------|
| A | 5 | `0` |
| B | 2 | `10` |
| R | 2 | `110` |
| C | 1 | `1110` |
| D | 1 | `1111` |
**Codiert:** `0 10 110 0 1110 0 1111 0 10 110 0` = **23 Bit**
**Kompression:** 88 → 23 Bit = **74% gespart**
- Beispiel Schritt für Schritt durchrechnen
- Warum funktioniert's? A kommt 5× vor, bekommt kürzesten Code
- Präfix-Eigenschaft: Kein Code ist Anfang eines anderen → eindeutig dekodierbar
- Frage: "Was passiert, wenn alle Zeichen gleich häufig sind?" → Keine Ersparnis
- In JPEG: Nicht Buchstaben, sondern DCT-Koeffizienten werden so codiert
-->
---
<!-- _header: "" -->
<!-- _footer: "" -->
# WebP & AVIF: Moderne Alternativen
**WebP (Google, 2010):**
- Lossy und Lossless
- Transparenz und Animationen
- 25–35% kleiner als JPEG
**AVIF (2019):**
- Basiert auf AV1-Video-Codec
- 50% kleiner als JPEG
- HDR-Unterstützung, patent-frei
**Browser-Support 2025:** WebP universell, AVIF wächst
<!--
KLAUSURRELEVANT:
- WebP: VP8-Kompression (Google Video-Codec)
- AVIF: Alliance for Open Media (Google, Netflix, Amazon, Apple, Mozilla)
- Beide besser als JPEG, aber Kompatibilität bleibt Problem
- JPEG bleibt dominant: alte Kameras, Software, Workflows
--> -->
@@ -414,28 +477,22 @@ Weil "e" am häufigsten vorkommt, bekommt es den kürzesten Code.
# Container und Codec # Container und Codec
**Container = Das Dateiformat (Beispiel: MP4)** **Container = Dateiformat (z.B. MP4)**
Die "Box", die verschiedene Streams zusammenpackt: Die "Box", die verschiedene Streams zusammenpackt:
- Video-Stream - Video-Stream
- Audio-Stream(s) - Audio-Stream(s)
- Untertitel - Untertitel
- Metadaten - Metadaten
**Codec = Der Kompressionsalgorithmus (Beispiel: AV1)** **Codec = Kompressionsalgorithmus (z.B. H.264)**
Entscheidet, WIE komprimiert wird. Bestimmt, WIE komprimiert wird
<!-- <!--
Container ≠ Codec KLAUSURRELEVANT:
Das ist ein häufiges Missverständnis. - Container ≠ Codec (häufiges Missverständnis!)
- MP4 kann H.264, H.265 oder AV1 enthalten
MP4 ist ein Container, nicht ein Codec. - Gleiche Endung, unterschiedlicher Inhalt
Ein MP4 kann H.264, H.265 oder AV1 enthalten. - Tool-Tipp: MediaInfo zeigt beides an
Übrigens: JPEG ist ein Codec (für Bilder), kein Container.
Bei Bildern fallen Container und Codec oft zusammen.
Tools wie MediaInfo zeigen beide Informationen.
--> -->
@@ -451,19 +508,19 @@ Tools wie MediaInfo zeigen beide Informationen.
**Warum dominant?** **Warum dominant?**
- Exzellente Kompression (~100:1 möglich) - Exzellente Kompression (~100:1 möglich)
- Hardware-Support in jedem Gerät seit ~2010 - Hardware-Decoder in jedem Gerät seit ~2010
- YouTube, Netflix, Blu-ray – alles H.264 - YouTube, Netflix, Blu-ray – alles H.264
**Features:** **Features:**
- Variable Block-Größen (16×16 bis 4×4) - Variable Block-Größen (16×16 bis 4×4)
- Deblocking-Filter (reduziert Block-Artefakte) - Deblocking-Filter (reduziert Artefakte)
<!-- <!--
H.264 revolutionierte Video-Streaming. KLAUSURRELEVANT:
Ohne H.264 kein Netflix, kein YouTube in HD. - H.264 revolutionierte Video-Streaming
- Ohne H.264 kein Netflix, kein YouTube HD
Hardware-Decoder bedeutet: Kein CPU-Aufwand, kein Akku-Drain. - Hardware-Decoder = kein CPU-Aufwand, kein Akku-Drain
Selbst billige Smartphones können H.264 abspielen. - Selbst billigste Smartphones können H.264 abspielen
--> -->
@@ -486,17 +543,16 @@ Google, Netflix, Amazon, Microsoft, Apple, Mozilla...
- 8K, HDR, hohe Frame-Rates - 8K, HDR, hohe Frame-Rates
**Stand 2025:** **Stand 2025:**
YouTube und Netflix nutzen AV1 für 4K/8K YouTube, Netflix nutzen AV1 für 4K/8K
Hardware-Encoder in aktuellen GPUs Hardware-Encoder in aktuellen GPUs
<!-- <!--
AOM = Alliance for Open Media, gegründet 2015. KLAUSURRELEVANT:
Historisch: Konkurrierende Tech-Giganten vereint. - AOM gegründet 2015 – historisch: Konkurrenten vereint
- Ziel: Nie wieder Patent-Chaos wie bei H.265
Das Ziel: Nie wieder Patent-Chaos wie bei H.265. - Problem: Encoding sehr langsam (10–100× vs. H.264)
- Hardware-Encoder lösen das zunehmend
Problem: Encoding ist sehr langsam (10-100× vs. H.264). - AV1 gewann 2024 einen Emmy für technische Innovation
Hardware-Encoder lösen das zunehmend.
--> -->
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---
marp: true
theme: gaia
paginate: true
backgroundColor: #fff
header: "Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik (223015c)"
footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik
---
<style>
:root {
--color-foreground: #1a1a2e;
--color-highlight: #d63384;
--color-dimmed: #4a4a6a;
}
section.invert {
--color-foreground: #fff;
}
section {
font-size: 1.7rem;
}
h1 {
color: #a02060;
}
section.invert h1 {
color: #fff;
}
h2 {
color: #1f2937;
}
pre {
background: #0f0f23;
color: #d63384;
border-radius: 8px;
border-left: 3px solid #d63384;
}
pre code {
background: transparent;
color: inherit;
}
code {
background: #1a1a2e;
color: #d63384;
padding: 0.15em 0.4em;
border-radius: 4px;
}
a {
color: var(--color-highlight);
}
section.klausur {
background: repeating-linear-gradient(
135deg,
#fce4ec,
#fce4ec 40px,
#fff 40px,
#fff 80px
) !important;
}
@media print {
section.klausur {
background: #fce4ec !important;
}
}
section.aufgabe {
background: #fce4ec !important;
}
section.aufgabe footer {
display: none;
}
</style>
<!-- _class: invert -->
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _backgroundColor: #000 -->
![bg cover opacity:0.2](./assets/background-termin-1.png)
# Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik
**223015c** · Modul "Technik 1" · 1. Semester
Digital- und Medienwirtschaft
Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
**Sommersemester 2026**
[https://librete.ch/hdm/223015c/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015c/)
---
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/qr/slides-223015c.png)
---
<!-- _class: lead -->
# Herzlich willkommen!
## Einführung
---
# Über mich
**Michael Werner Czechowski**
- Systems and Platform Engineer
- Schwerpunkte:
- Web-Technologien, Barriere-Armut, Open Source
- Hintergrund:
- Philosophie (Uni Stuttgart)
- Wirtschaftsinformatik (Leibniz-FH Hannover)
- Kontakt: lb-czechowski@hdm-stuttgart.de
---
# Warum dieses Modul?
**Das Internet ist überall** – aber was steckt dahinter?
* Warum sehen Webseiten auf dem Handy anders aus?
* Wie funktioniert eigentlich das Internet?
* Wie erkennen Sie, ob eine Werbeagentur gute Arbeit leistet?
* Was hat ein Unterseekabel mit meiner E-Mail zu tun?
* **→ Die Technik dahinter verstehen und fundierte Entscheidungen treffen**
---
# Das Ziel
**Technische Grundlagen verstehen**, um fundierte Entscheidungen treffen zu können.
Als Digital- und MedienwirtschaftlerInnen werdet ihr täglich mit technischen Fragen konfrontiert:
* Wie baue ich eine barrierearme Webseite?
* Welches Protokoll für welchen Zweck?
* Wie funktioniert das Web hinter den Kulissen?
* **→ Mitreden können – und selbst Webseiten bauen!**
---
# Was Sie hier lernen werden
**In dieser Veranstaltung erwerben Sie folgende Kompetenzen:**
* Geschichte des Computers und Internets
* HTML-Grundlagen und semantisches Markup
* CSS für Layout und Gestaltung
* Netzwerke und Protokolle (TCP/IP, DNS, HTTP(S))
* "Barrierefreiheit" im Web
* Grundlagen von JavaScript und Interaktivität
---
# Kurze Umfrage
**Bitte Hand heben:**
* Wer hat schon mal eine Webseite gebaut?
* Wer weiß, was HTML ist?
* Wer hat schon mal CSS geschrieben?
* Wer kennt den Unterschied zwischen Internet und WWW?
* Wer hat schon mal mit JavaScript gearbeitet?
---
# Kursübersicht
**Kapitel:**
1. Geschichte, Grundlagen & **HTML**
2. Netzwerke, Protokolle, **semantisches HTML** & **CSS**
3. Interaktivität, Animationen & **JavaScript**
**Ziel:** "Gelernte Hilflosigkeit" ablegen
---
<!-- _class: klausur -->
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
<!-- _backgroundColor: #fce4ec -->
# Prüfungsleistung
**Nach aktuellem Kenntnisstand:**
* 90 min insg. (Technik 1)
* Schriftliche Klausur (digital)
* Teils offene Fragen
* So gut wie kein Coding/Programmieren
* **Prüfungsrelevant:** Folien sind markiert mit anderem Hintergrund
---
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/klausur-01.png)
---
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/klausur-02.png)
---
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/klausur-03.png)
---
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/splan.png)
---
<!-- _header: '' -->
<!-- _footer: '' -->
![bg fit](./assets/asta.png)
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ theme: gaia
paginate: true paginate: true
backgroundColor: #fff backgroundColor: #fff
header: "Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik (223015c)" header: "Grundlagen IT- und Internettechnik (223015c)"
footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – WS 2025/26" footer: "Michael Czechowski – HdM Stuttgart – SoSe 2026"
title: "Kapitel 3: Interaktivität & JavaScript" title: "Kapitel 3: Interaktivität & JavaScript"
--- ---
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ section.aufgabe footer {
Digital- und Medienwirtschaft Digital- und Medienwirtschaft
Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
**Wintersemester 2025/26** **Sommersemester 2026**
[https://librete.ch/hdm/223015c/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015c/) [https://librete.ch/hdm/223015c/](https://librete.ch/hdm/223015c/)
@@ -208,6 +208,8 @@ Fehler werden hier auch angezeigt
# Variablen: Daten speichern # Variablen: Daten speichern
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-console.png)
```javascript ```javascript
// Modern (empfohlen) // Modern (empfohlen)
let age = 25; // Kann geändert werden let age = 25; // Kann geändert werden
@@ -260,6 +262,8 @@ Template Literals mit Backticks!
# Arrays: Listen # Arrays: Listen
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-arrays.png)
```javascript ```javascript
const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"]; const colors = ["red", "green", "blue"];
@@ -284,6 +288,8 @@ Arrays sind veränderbar auch bei const
# Objects: Strukturierte Daten # Objects: Strukturierte Daten
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-objects.png)
```javascript ```javascript
const person = { const person = {
firstName: "Max", firstName: "Max",
@@ -342,7 +348,7 @@ true || false // true (ODER)
**In der Browser-Konsole:** **In der Browser-Konsole:**
1. Erstelle Variablen für dich: 1. Erstellen Sie Variablen für sich:
```javascript ```javascript
const name = "Your Name"; const name = "Your Name";
let age = 20; let age = 20;
@@ -413,6 +419,8 @@ Code-Block in geschweiften Klammern
# Schleifen: Wiederholen # Schleifen: Wiederholen
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-loops.png)
```javascript ```javascript
// for-Schleife // for-Schleife
for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) { for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
@@ -491,15 +499,7 @@ Funktionale Programmierung, Original-Array bleibt unverändert
- JavaScript kann diesen Baum **lesen und ändern** - JavaScript kann diesen Baum **lesen und ändern**
- Jedes HTML-Element = ein "Node" - Jedes HTML-Element = ein "Node"
``` ![bg right:45% fit](./assets/demos/dom-tree.png)
document
└── html
├── head
│ └── title
└── body
├── h1
└── p
```
<!-- <!--
DOM = Programmierschnittstelle für HTML DOM = Programmierschnittstelle für HTML
@@ -536,6 +536,8 @@ querySelectorAll = alle Treffer
# Elemente manipulieren # Elemente manipulieren
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-manipulate.png)
```javascript ```javascript
const element = document.querySelector("#meinElement"); const element = document.querySelector("#meinElement");
@@ -564,6 +566,8 @@ style = Inline-Styles (camelCase!)
# Klassen manipulieren # Klassen manipulieren
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-classlist.png)
```javascript ```javascript
const element = document.querySelector(".box"); const element = document.querySelector(".box");
@@ -592,6 +596,8 @@ toggle schaltet hin und her
# Elemente erstellen # Elemente erstellen
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-create.png)
```javascript ```javascript
// Neues Element erstellen // Neues Element erstellen
const neuerAbsatz = document.createElement("p"); const neuerAbsatz = document.createElement("p");
@@ -660,6 +666,8 @@ Interaktive Webseiten durch Events
# Event Listener # Event Listener
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-event-listener.png)
```javascript ```javascript
const button = document.querySelector("#meinButton"); const button = document.querySelector("#meinButton");
@@ -737,6 +745,8 @@ target = auslösendes Element
# Event.preventDefault() # Event.preventDefault()
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-preventdefault.png)
```javascript ```javascript
// Link ohne Navigation // Link ohne Navigation
const link = document.querySelector("a"); const link = document.querySelector("a");
@@ -763,6 +773,8 @@ Formular-Validierung ohne Reload
# Beispiel: Toggle Dark Mode # Beispiel: Toggle Dark Mode
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-darkmode.png)
```javascript ```javascript
const toggleButton = document.querySelector("#darkModeToggle"); const toggleButton = document.querySelector("#darkModeToggle");
const body = document.body; const body = document.body;
@@ -851,6 +863,8 @@ HTML (Struktur) + CSS (Design) + JavaScript (Interaktivität)
# Beispiel: Todo-Liste # Beispiel: Todo-Liste
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-todo.png)
```javascript ```javascript
const form = document.querySelector("#todoForm"); const form = document.querySelector("#todoForm");
const input = document.querySelector("#todoInput"); const input = document.querySelector("#todoInput");
@@ -893,6 +907,8 @@ Node.js für Backend
# Fetch: Daten laden # Fetch: Daten laden
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-fetch.png)
```javascript ```javascript
// Mit async/await (modern) // Mit async/await (modern)
async function loadData() { async function loadData() {
@@ -914,6 +930,8 @@ APIs = Schnittstellen zu Daten, JSON = JavaScript Object Notation
# LocalStorage: Daten speichern # LocalStorage: Daten speichern
![bg right:35%](./assets/demos/js-localstorage.png)
```javascript ```javascript
// Speichern // Speichern
localStorage.setItem("name", "Max"); localStorage.setItem("name", "Max");
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@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: __TITLE__</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">__URL__</span>
</div>
<iframe src="__SRC__"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: a11y-error</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/email-form.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./a11y-error.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Fehlermeldung</title>
<style>
body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 1.2rem; }
label { display: block; margin-bottom: 4px; font-weight: 600; }
input {
font: inherit;
padding: 6px 10px;
width: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
border: 2px solid #d63384;
border-radius: 4px;
}
#email-error {
color: #d63384;
font-size: 0.9em;
margin-top: 6px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<label for="email">E-Mail-Adresse</label>
<input id="email" type="email" aria-describedby="email-error" value="michael@">
<p id="email-error" role="alert">
Bitte geben Sie eine gültige E-Mail-Adresse ein.
</p>
</body>
</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: a11y-focus</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/focus.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./a11y-focus.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Fokus-Indikator</title>
<style>
body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 1.2rem; }
:focus, .is-focused {
outline: 2px solid blue;
outline-offset: 2px;
}
button:focus-visible, button.is-focused {
box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(0, 100, 255, 0.5);
}
button { font: inherit; padding: 6px 14px; margin: 6px 0; display: block; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Tab-Taste drücken:</p>
<button class="is-focused">Erster Button</button>
<button>Zweiter Button</button>
<button>Dritter Button</button>
</body>
</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: a11y-semantic</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/klick.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./a11y-semantic.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>div vs button</title>
<style>
body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 1.2rem; }
h3 { margin: 0.8rem 0 0.4rem; font-size: 1rem; }
.bad { color: #b91c1c; }
.good { color: #15803d; }
.button {
display: inline-block;
background: #e5e7eb;
border: 1px solid #9ca3af;
padding: 6px 14px;
cursor: pointer;
border-radius: 4px;
}
button { font: inherit; padding: 6px 14px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3 class="bad">Schlecht (div)</h3>
<div class="button" onclick="alert('!')">Klick mich</div>
<p><small>❌ Tab überspringt, kein Enter, kein Screenreader</small></p>
<h3 class="good">Gut (button)</h3>
<button type="button">Klick mich</button>
<p><small>✅ Tastatur + Screenreader eingebaut</small></p>
</body>
</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>ARP</title>
<style>
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: #fff; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
body { padding: 30px; display: inline-block; }
.row { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.actor {
background: #1a1a2e;
color: #fff;
padding: 10px 16px;
border-radius: 6px;
font-weight: 700;
min-width: 160px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.laptop { background: #1e40af; }
.router { background: #c2410c; }
.arrow-right, .arrow-left {
width: 0; height: 0;
border-top: 10px solid transparent;
border-bottom: 10px solid transparent;
}
.arrow-right { border-left: 14px solid #d63384; }
.arrow-left { border-right: 14px solid #15803d; }
.bubble {
padding: 10px 14px;
border-radius: 8px;
font-size: 0.95rem;
max-width: 460px;
}
.ask { background: #fce7f3; border: 2px solid #d63384; color: #7c2d12; }
.reply { background: #dcfce7; border: 2px solid #15803d; color: #14532d; }
.meta {
font-size: 0.7rem;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 0.05em;
opacity: 0.7;
margin-bottom: 3px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="row">
<div class="actor laptop">Laptop</div>
<div class="arrow-right"></div>
<div class="bubble ask">
<div class="meta">Broadcast</div>
"Wer hat die IP 192.168.1.1? Sag mir deine MAC!"
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="bubble reply">
<div class="meta">Antwort</div>
"Das bin ich! Meine MAC ist 11:22:33:44:55:66"
</div>
<div class="arrow-left"></div>
<div class="actor router">Router</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Box-Modell Diagramm</title>
<style>
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: #fff; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
body { padding: 40px; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box; }
.layer {
padding-top: 38px;
padding-bottom: 30px;
padding-left: 30px;
padding-right: 30px;
position: relative;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.layer::before {
position: absolute;
top: 8px; left: 14px;
font-size: 0.95rem;
font-weight: 700;
letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.margin { background: #fde68a; }
.margin::before { content: "margin"; color: #92400e; }
.border { background: #fca5a5; }
.border::before { content: "border"; color: #991b1b; }
.padding { background: #86efac; }
.padding::before { content: "padding"; color: #166534; }
.content {
background: #93c5fd;
width: 260px;
height: 110px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
color: #1e3a8a;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 1.2rem;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="layer margin">
<div class="layer border">
<div class="layer padding">
<div class="content">content</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: button</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/button.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./button.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
+10
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Button</title>
</head>
<body>
<button>Add to favorites</button>
</body>
</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Client/Server Ports</title>
<style>
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: #fff; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
body { padding: 30px; display: inline-block; }
.endpoint {
border: 2px solid #4a4a6a;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 18px 24px;
margin-bottom: 24px;
min-width: 380px;
background: #f3f4f6;
}
.endpoint.client { background: #dbeafe; border-color: #1e40af; }
.endpoint.server { background: #fed7aa; border-color: #c2410c; }
.role {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.client .role { color: #1e3a8a; }
.server .role { color: #7c2d12; }
.addr {
font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
font-size: 1.4rem;
color: #0f172a;
}
.port {
background: #fde68a;
color: #7c2d12;
padding: 1px 8px;
border-radius: 4px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.label {
margin-top: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: #4a4a6a;
font-style: italic;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="endpoint client">
<div class="role">Client</div>
<div class="addr">141.62.xxx.xxx:<span class="port">52431</span></div>
<div class="label">↳ zufälliger Port vom OS</div>
</div>
<div class="endpoint server">
<div class="role">Server</div>
<div class="addr">212.132.79.37:<span class="port">443</span></div>
<div class="label">↳ HTTPS-Standardport</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: Kontrast</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/contrast.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./contrast-levels.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Kontrast-Stufen</title>
<style>
body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 1.6rem; margin: 0; }
.row {
background: #fff;
padding: 22px 20px;
margin-bottom: 14px;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 14px;
}
.sample {
font-size: 1.5rem;
font-weight: 600;
flex: 1;
}
.meta {
text-align: right;
font-size: 0.85rem;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.ratio {
font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.95rem;
color: #1a1a2e;
}
.badge {
display: inline-block;
padding: 2px 8px;
border-radius: 3px;
font-size: 0.7rem;
font-weight: 700;
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 0.05em;
margin-top: 4px;
}
.fail { background: #fee2e2; color: #991b1b; }
.aa-large { background: #fed7aa; color: #7c2d12; }
.aa { background: #dcfce7; color: #166534; }
.aaa { background: #bbf7d0; color: #14532d; }
.hint {
margin-top: 14px;
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: #6b7280;
font-style: italic;
text-align: right;
}
.hint a { color: #d63384; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="row" style="background: #fff;">
<div class="sample" style="color: #aaaaaa;">Barrierefrei lesen</div>
<div class="meta">
<div class="ratio">2.3:1</div>
<span class="badge fail">✗ Fail</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row" style="background: #fff;">
<div class="sample" style="color: #949494;">Barrierefrei lesen</div>
<div class="meta">
<div class="ratio">3:1</div>
<span class="badge aa-large">AA Large</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row" style="background: #fff;">
<div class="sample" style="color: #767676;">Barrierefrei lesen</div>
<div class="meta">
<div class="ratio">4.5:1</div>
<span class="badge aa">✓ AA</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row" style="background: #fff;">
<div class="sample" style="color: #595959;">Barrierefrei lesen</div>
<div class="meta">
<div class="ratio">7:1</div>
<span class="badge aaa">✓ AAA</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row" style="background: #fff;">
<div class="sample" style="color: #1a1a1a;">Barrierefrei lesen</div>
<div class="meta">
<div class="ratio">16:1</div>
<span class="badge aaa">✓ AAA+</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="hint">Check: webaim.org/resources/contrastchecker</div>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-anatomie</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/anatomie.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-anatomie.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>CSS Anatomie</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
p { color: blue; font-size: 16px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Dieser Absatz ist blau und 16 Pixel groß.</p>
<p>Alle p-Elemente werden gleich gestylt.</p>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-box-model</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/box-model.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-box-model.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Box-Modell</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; background: #fff; }
.box { display: inline-block; }
.layer {
padding-top: 22px;
padding-bottom: 18px;
padding-left: 18px;
padding-right: 18px;
position: relative;
}
.layer::before {
position: absolute;
top: 4px; left: 8px;
font-size: 0.75em;
font-weight: 600;
}
.margin { background: #fde68a; }
.margin::before { content: "margin"; color: #92400e; }
.border { background: #fca5a5; }
.border::before { content: "border"; color: #991b1b; }
.padding { background: #86efac; }
.padding::before { content: "padding"; color: #166534; }
.content {
background: #93c5fd;
width: 140px;
height: 56px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
color: #1e3a8a;
font-weight: 600;
}
pre { background: #f3f4f6; padding: 10px; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 0.85em; margin-top: 1rem; font-family: ui-monospace, monospace; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div class="layer margin">
<div class="layer border">
<div class="layer padding">
<div class="content">content</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<pre>.box {
width: 140px;
padding: 18px;
border: 18px solid;
margin: 18px;
}</pre>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-colors</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/colors.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-colors.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Farben</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; }
.swatch { display: flex; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.chip { width: 40px; height: 40px; border-radius: 4px; margin-right: 12px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; }
code { background: #f3f4f6; padding: 2px 6px; border-radius: 3px; font-family: ui-monospace, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="swatch"><div class="chip" style="background: red;"></div><code>color: red;</code></div>
<div class="swatch"><div class="chip" style="background: rebeccapurple;"></div><code>color: rebeccapurple;</code></div>
<div class="swatch"><div class="chip" style="background: #FF0000;"></div><code>#FF0000</code></div>
<div class="swatch"><div class="chip" style="background: rgb(255, 0, 0);"></div><code>rgb(255, 0, 0)</code></div>
<div class="swatch"><div class="chip" style="background: rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.5);"></div><code>rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.5)</code></div>
<div class="swatch"><div class="chip" style="background: hsl(0, 100%, 50%);"></div><code>hsl(0, 100%, 50%)</code></div>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-combinators</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/combinators.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-combinators.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Kombinatoren</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; }
article p { line-height: 1.6; background: #fef3c7; padding: 4px; }
nav > a { text-decoration: none; color: #d63384; margin-right: 10px; font-weight: 600; }
h2 + p { font-size: 1.2em; color: #065f46; }
p.wichtig { color: red; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<nav>
<a href="#">Link</a><a href="#">Link</a>
</nav>
<article>
<h2>Artikel-Überschrift</h2>
<p>Direkt nach h2 (größer, grün).</p>
<p>Normaler Absatz im article (gelb).</p>
<p class="wichtig">Wichtig (rot).</p>
</article>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-pseudo-classes</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/pseudo-classes.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-pseudo-classes.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Pseudo-Klassen</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; }
a { color: #2563eb; }
a:hover, a.is-hovered { color: red; text-decoration: underline; }
a:visited, a.is-visited { color: purple; }
input:focus, input.is-focused { border-color: blue; outline: 2px solid blue; }
input { padding: 4px 8px; border: 1px solid #9ca3af; border-radius: 3px; }
ul { list-style: none; padding: 0; }
li { padding: 6px 10px; }
li:first-child, li.is-first { font-weight: bold; }
li:nth-child(odd), li.is-odd { background: #eee; }
h3 { margin: 0.6rem 0 0.3rem; font-size: 0.95rem; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>:hover / :visited</h3>
<a href="#" class="is-hovered">Link mit Hover</a> &middot;
<a href="#" class="is-visited">Besuchter Link</a>
<h3>:focus</h3>
<input class="is-focused" value="fokussiert">
<h3>:first-child, :nth-child(odd)</h3>
<ul>
<li class="is-first is-odd">Erster (bold, zebra)</li>
<li>Zweiter</li>
<li class="is-odd">Dritter (zebra)</li>
<li>Vierter</li>
<li class="is-odd">Fünfter (zebra)</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-pseudo-elements</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/pseudo-elements.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-pseudo-elements.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Pseudo-Elemente</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; }
.required::before {
content: "* ";
color: red;
}
p.drop { line-height: 1.5; }
p.drop::first-letter {
font-size: 3em;
font-weight: bold;
color: #d63384;
float: left;
line-height: 0.9;
padding-right: 6px;
padding-top: 2px;
}
label { display: block; margin-top: 10px; }
input { padding: 4px 8px; border: 1px solid #9ca3af; border-radius: 3px; margin-top: 3px; }
h3 { margin: 0.6rem 0 0.3rem; font-size: 0.95rem; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>::before (Pflichtfeld-Sternchen)</h3>
<label class="required">E-Mail-Adresse</label>
<input type="email">
<h3>::first-letter (Initial-Buchstabe)</h3>
<p class="drop">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Der erste Buchstabe wird per CSS hervorgehoben – kein extra HTML nötig.</p>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Responsive Container</title>
<style>
body { padding: 0; margin: 0; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; background: #fff; }
.container {
padding: 1rem;
background: white;
color: #111;
text-align: left;
font-weight: 600;
border: 1px solid #d1d5db;
}
.container::before { content: "< 768px — weiß, padding 1rem"; }
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.container { padding: 2rem; background: red; color: white; border: none; }
.container::before { content: "≥ 768px — rot, padding 2rem"; }
}
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
.container { background: green; }
.container::before { content: "≥ 1024px — grün"; }
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container"></div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-responsive</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/responsive.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-responsive.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Responsive Design – 3 Viewports</title>
<style>
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; background: #fff; }
body { padding: 1rem; }
.viewport {
margin-bottom: 12px;
border: 1px solid #9ca3af;
border-radius: 4px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.bar {
background: #e5e7eb;
padding: 4px 10px;
font-size: 11px;
color: #374151;
font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
border-bottom: 1px solid #9ca3af;
}
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; border: 0; }
.vp-mobile iframe { width: 360px; }
.vp-tablet iframe { width: 800px; }
.vp-desktop iframe { width: 1100px; }
.vp-mobile { width: 362px; }
.scroll { overflow: hidden; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="viewport vp-mobile">
<div class="bar">Mobile @ 360px</div>
<div class="scroll"><iframe src="./css-responsive-container.html" height="80"></iframe></div>
</div>
<div class="viewport vp-tablet">
<div class="bar">Tablet @ 800px</div>
<div class="scroll" style="overflow-x: auto;"><iframe src="./css-responsive-container.html" height="100"></iframe></div>
</div>
<div class="viewport vp-desktop">
<div class="bar">Desktop @ 1100px</div>
<div class="scroll" style="overflow-x: auto;"><iframe src="./css-responsive-container.html" height="100"></iframe></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-selector-class</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/selector-class.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-selector-class.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Klassen-Selektor</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
.wichtig { color: red; font-weight: bold; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p class="wichtig">Dieser Text ist wichtig.</p>
<p>Dieser nicht.</p>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-selector-element</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/selector-element.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-selector-element.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Element-Selektor</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; }
p { color: gray; font-family: Georgia, serif; }
h1, h2, h3 { font-family: sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Überschrift (sans-serif)</h1>
<p>Absatz: grau, Georgia (serif).</p>
<h2>Untertitel (sans-serif)</h2>
<p>Noch ein grauer Absatz.</p>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-selector-id</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/selector-id.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-selector-id.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>ID-Selektor</title>
<style>
body { padding: 0; margin: 0; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
#hauptnavigation {
background: #333;
padding: 1rem;
color: white;
}
#hauptnavigation a { color: #fff; margin-right: 1rem; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<nav id="hauptnavigation">
<a href="#">Home</a>
<a href="#">Kurse</a>
<a href="#">Kontakt</a>
</nav>
<p style="padding: 1rem;">Rest der Seite.</p>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Preview: css-specificity</title>
<style>
:root {
--hl: #d63384;
--dark: #0f0f23;
--chrome: #1a1a2e;
--muted: #4a4a6a;
}
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: var(--dark); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif; }
.browser { box-sizing: border-box; width: 100vw; min-height: 100vh; padding: 18px; }
.window { background: #fff; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.35); overflow: hidden; border: 2px solid var(--hl); }
.chrome { background: var(--chrome); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--hl); padding: 10px 14px; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; }
.dot { width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; opacity: 0.9; }
.r { background: #ff5f56; } .y { background: #ffbd2e; } .g { background: #27c93f; }
.url { flex: 1; margin-left: 12px; background: var(--dark); border: 1px solid var(--hl); border-radius: 6px; padding: 5px 10px; font: 12px/1.3 ui-monospace, "SF Mono", Menlo, monospace; color: var(--hl); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
iframe { display: block; width: 100%; height: 700px; border: 0; background: #fff; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="browser">
<div class="window">
<div class="chrome">
<span class="dot r"></span><span class="dot y"></span><span class="dot g"></span>
<span class="url">file:///beispiel/specificity.html</span>
</div>
<iframe src="./css-specificity.html"></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Spezifität</title>
<style>
body { padding: 1.2rem; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
p { color: blue; } /* 0,0,0,1 */
.text { color: green; } /* 0,0,1,0 */
#intro { color: red; } /* 0,1,0,0 */
code { background: #f3f4f6; padding: 1px 5px; border-radius: 3px; font-size: 0.9em; }
.row { margin-bottom: 10px; }
.label { color: #6b7280; font-size: 0.85em; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="row">
<p>Nur <code>p</code>: <strong>blau</strong></p>
<span class="label">0,0,0,1</span>
</div>
<div class="row">
<p class="text">Nur <code>.text</code>: <strong>grün</strong> schlägt p</p>
<span class="label">0,0,1,0 &gt; 0,0,0,1</span>
</div>
<div class="row">
<p id="intro" class="text">ID <code>#intro</code>: <strong>rot</strong> schlägt alles</p>
<span class="label">0,1,0,0 &gt; 0,0,1,0</span>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="de">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Decapsulation Stack</title>
<style>
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: #fff; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }
body { padding: 30px; display: inline-block; }
.stack { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 0; }
.layer {
border: 2px solid;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 10px 18px;
min-width: 540px;
font-size: 0.95rem;
margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.layer-name { font-weight: 700; font-size: 0.75rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.05em; opacity: 0.8; }
.layer-desc { font-family: ui-monospace, monospace; margin-top: 3px; }
.check { margin-top: 3px; font-size: 0.85rem; font-style: italic; }
.http { background: #e0e7ff; border-color: #4f46e5; color: #3730a3; }
.tcp { background: #dbeafe; border-color: #1e40af; color: #1e3a8a; }
.ip { background: #dcfce7; border-color: #15803d; color: #14532d; }
.eth { background: #fed7aa; border-color: #c2410c; color: #7c2d12; }
.bit { background: #e5e7eb; border-color: #4b5563; color: #1f2937; }
.arrow {
align-self: center;
width: 0; height: 0;
border-left: 9px solid transparent;
border-right: 9px solid transparent;
border-top: 12px solid #d63384;
margin: 2px 0;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="stack">
<div class="layer bit">
<div class="layer-name">Physical</div>
<div class="layer-desc">Bits empfangen</div>
</div>
<div class="arrow"></div>
<div class="layer eth">
<div class="layer-name">Ethernet-Frame</div>
<div class="check">MAC = meine MAC? ✓ auspacken</div>
</div>
<div class="arrow"></div>
<div class="layer ip">
<div class="layer-name">IP-Paket</div>
<div class="check">Ziel-IP = meine IP? ✓ auspacken</div>
</div>
<div class="arrow"></div>
<div class="layer tcp">
<div class="layer-name">TCP-Segment</div>
<div class="check">Port 52431 = mein Browser? ✓ auspacken</div>
</div>
<div class="arrow"></div>
<div class="layer http">
<div class="layer-name">HTTP-Response</div>
<div class="layer-desc">"HTTP/1.1 200 OK ..."</div>
<div class="check">→ Browser rendert Seite</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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